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The Politics of Climate Instruments: Investigating Policymakers' Belief Systems in EU Climate Policymaking

Die Politik der Klimainstrumente: Eine Untersuchung der Glaubenssysteme politischer Entscheidungsträger in der EU-Klimapolitik
[journal article]

Gerstenberg, Anne
Schnapp, Kai-Uwe

Abstract

Common policy process theories underrepresent the politics of policy formulation, and ignore instruments as normatively charged meaning structures. We applied the belief systems approach of the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to analyse the European Union's (EU) multi-level climate policy-making ... view more

Common policy process theories underrepresent the politics of policy formulation, and ignore instruments as normatively charged meaning structures. We applied the belief systems approach of the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to analyse the European Union's (EU) multi-level climate policy-making in the realm of the EU’s Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS), to uncover EU and German policymakers' beliefs. Our results demonstrate that climate policy is politicized through instruments, despite goal-unanimity. In five 'worlds of thought', we explicate ‘appropriate’ solutions (instrument belief) as part of implicit ideational frames, constituted by a problem-representation (policy-core beliefs), and visions of a climate-mitigated world (deep-core beliefs). The main cleavage moves around the statemarket relationship, between carbon pricing purists and more helps more policymakers. Many former purists accept a policy mix after 'instrument-based learning'. Discursively marginalized degrowth-supporters back the ETS pragmatically, while other false-flag policymakers support it rhetorically, but undermine it for industry protection.... view less


Gängige Theorien über Policy-Prozesse unterschätzen den politischen Charakter von Politikformulierung und von Policy-Instrumenten als normativ aufgeladene Sinnstrukturen. Wir nutzen den Belief-Systems-Ansatz des Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF), um Überzeugungen von EU- und deutschen Entscheidungs... view more

Gängige Theorien über Policy-Prozesse unterschätzen den politischen Charakter von Politikformulierung und von Policy-Instrumenten als normativ aufgeladene Sinnstrukturen. Wir nutzen den Belief-Systems-Ansatz des Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF), um Überzeugungen von EU- und deutschen Entscheidungsträger:innen in der Klimapolitik am Beispiel des Europäischen Emissionshandelssystems zu analysieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Klimapolitik trotz scheinbarer Zieleinigkeit durch ihre Instrumente politisiert ist. In fünf 'Denkwelten' explizieren wir Vorstellungen von 'angemessenen' Lösungen (instrument beliefs) als Teil ideeller Rahmen, die sich aus einer Problemwahrnehmung (policy-core beliefs) und Visionen einer klimamitigierten Welt (deep-core beliefs) zusammensetzen. Der Hauptkonflikt entfaltet sich um das Staat-Markt-Verhältnis zwischen Kohlenstoffpreis-Purist:innen und Mehr hilft mehr-Politiker:innen. Ehemalige Preispurist: innen befürworten nach 'instrumentenbasiertem Lernen' einem Policy-Mix. Diskursiv marginalisierte Degrowth-Unterstützer:innen unterstützen das Europäische Emissionshandelssystem (EHS) aus Pragmatismus, während andere Akteure das EHS rhetorisch stützen, aber faktisch zugunsten von Industrieschutz untergraben, also unter falscher Flagge segeln.... view less

Keywords
climate policy; political instrument; politicization; political decision; decision making; EU; emissions trading

Classification
Basic Research, General Concepts and History of Political Science
Special areas of Departmental Policy

Free Keywords
policy instruments; instrument beliefs; Advocacy Coalition Framework; belief system approach

Document language
English

Publication Year
2025

Page/Pages
p. 52-72

Journal
der moderne staat - dms: Zeitschrift für Public Policy, Recht und Management, 18 (2025) 1

Issue topic
Europe's Green Transition - Policy Instruments and their Politicization

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3224/dms.v18i1.04

ISSN
2196-1395

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0


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