Маркирование социальной памяти в городском пространстве: мемориальные доски в формировании культурного ландшафта города

Abstract

It serves as the filter that separates memory, which will become part of the historical narrative from that which will be forgotten. The question arises, who or what stores this memory. The social space of the city can be filled with townspeople (Ferdinand Tönnies), or with communities (the Chicago school), but any of these actors can't stores the whole aggregate of collective memory. Such a custodian becomes the physical space of the city - its walls, streets, names, structure, commemorative practices. Memory materialises in the city, forming its structure, filling the streets with meanings, creating the mythology of the city and its uniqueness. Commemorative practices in the urban space are represented by street names, toponymy of the city, monuments, museum houses, memorial plaques, memorable signs. The plaques that chosen as the material of analysis in the presented study are the most uniformly distributed material memory trace and carry a strictly regulated set of data. In this work, a complete set of data was collected, which included all memorial plaques installed on the territory of Moscow between 1914 and 2014. The information recorded on them was systematised, including the biographical data of memorialised individuals, geographic references, their spatial-temporal distribution was analysed. The conclusions allow us to talk about plaques as an effective indicator of the relationship between the memory space of the urban community and the city in its physical manifestation.