Изменение уровня технологического суверенитета в зарубежных странах: опыт Европейского союза

Abstract

The article examines the European experience in determining and measuring the achieved level of technological sovereignty in relation to individual countries, industries and technologies. The prerequisites for the actualization of the topic of technological independence in the EU countries, the key elements of the European concept of technological independence, the stages of evolution of approaches to the calculation of technological sovereignty indices are highlighted. It is shown that when developing an algorithm for calculating this index, it is necessary to ensure the reliability of sources, the availability of data, and the possibility of updating the results over time. As barriers to the application of algorithms for calculating the level of technological sovereignty of specific industries, the absence of a strict binding of companies to individual industries and technologies in reporting documents and statistical collections, as well as the impossibility of obtaining reliable estimates of the number of specialists involved in the production and research process, are indicated. The results of the analysis of approaches and a set of indicators of technological sovereignty used in the EU countries can be considered when developing algorithms for calculating the level of technological independence of domestic industries and technologies.