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@book{ Horovitz2023,
 title = {France's nuclear weapons and Europe: options for a better coordinated deterrence policy},
 author = {Horovitz, Liviu and Wachs, Lydia},
 year = {2023},
 series = {SWP Comment},
 pages = {7},
 volume = {15/2023},
 address = {Berlin},
 publisher = {Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit},
 issn = {2747-5107},
 doi = {https://doi.org/10.18449/2023C15},
 urn = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-87562-0},
 abstract = {Replacing the US nuclear guarantee with a French nuclear umbrella for Europe would face major political and logistical challenges. Nevertheless, given the growing un­certainty in Europe and Asia, the German government should consider scenarios and options that go beyond today's deterrence architecture. Above all, it is conceivable that France would play a more visible complementary role to US extended nuclear deterrence. This could take various forms - from strengthened consultations to joint nuclear exercises. Even though any such steps are currently unlikely, it appears that now more than ever, US and European interests are aligning in a way that might allow for a better coordinated Western deterrence policy. (author's abstract)},
 keywords = {Frankreich; France; Verteidigungspolitik; defense policy; Sicherheitspolitik; security policy; Kernwaffe; nuclear weapon; EU; EU; Abschreckung; deterrence}}