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Capital humano y ciclo económico: la inscripción en educación superior en la Unión Europea en el período 2000-2018

[journal article]

Duran, Ignacio

Abstract

El presente trabajo analiza el comportamiento cíclico de la inscripción en educación superior de adultos jóvenes. Para esto se desarrolla un modelo de datos de panel para los países de la Unión Europea entre el año 2000 y el 2018. En primer lugar, se encuentran efectos estadísticamente significat... view more

El presente trabajo analiza el comportamiento cíclico de la inscripción en educación superior de adultos jóvenes. Para esto se desarrolla un modelo de datos de panel para los países de la Unión Europea entre el año 2000 y el 2018. En primer lugar, se encuentran efectos estadísticamente significativos del ciclo económico en la inscripción, los cuales difieren según características sociodemográficas como edad y sexo. En concreto, para la inscripción de jóvenes de entre 20 y 30 años se observa tanto efectos pro-cíclicos del PBI per cápita como contra-cíclicos de la tasa de desempleo, aunque no para otros rangos etarios. Al analizar por separado la inscripción a diferentes programas, se encuentra que, en programas de ciclo corto, grado y maestría la inscripción femenina se ve más afectada que la masculina por variaciones en el PBI per cápita. Se observan además diferencias en el comportamiento de la inscripción según el nivel de PBI per cápita y profundidad financiera del país.... view less


The current study aims to analyze the cyclical behavior of enrollment in higher education of young adults. For this, a panel data is constructed for the countries of the European Union between 2000 and 2018. First, I find statistically significant effects of the business cycle on enrollment, whic... view more

The current study aims to analyze the cyclical behavior of enrollment in higher education of young adults. For this, a panel data is constructed for the countries of the European Union between 2000 and 2018. First, I find statistically significant effects of the business cycle on enrollment, which differ according to sociodemographic characteristics such as age and sex. In particular, for the enrollment of young people between the ages of 20 and 30, the results show both pro-cyclical effects of GDP per capita and counter-cyclical effects of the unemployment rate, although not for other age ranges. When separately analyzing enrollment in different types of programs, it is found that in short-cycle, bachelor's and master's degree programs, female enrollment is more affected than male enrollment by variations in GDP per capita. There are also differences in the behavior of enrollment according to the level of GDP per capita and financial depth of the country.... view less

Keywords
unemployment; business cycle; human capital; young adult; university level of education; gender relations; EU

Classification
University Education
National Economy

Free Keywords
desempleo; ciclos económicos; educación superior; capital humano; higher education; European Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS)

Document language
Spanish

Publication Year
2021

Page/Pages
p. 77-105

Journal
Ensayos de Política Económica, 3 (2021) 3

DOI
https://doi.org/10.46553/ensayos.3.3.2021.p77-105

ISSN
2313-979X

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0


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