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(Um-)Wege in den Rechtsstaat: Das Bundeskriminalamt und die NS-Vergangenheit seiner Gründungsgeneration

[journal article]

Wagner, Patrick
Stephan, Andrej
Baumann, Imanuel

Abstract

Das 1951 gegründete Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) rekrutierte seine Beamtenschaft zunächst aus ehemaligen Angehörigen der nationalsozialistischen Polizei. Ein vom BKA 2008 in Auftrag gegebenes Forschungsprojekt, dessen Ergebnisse der Aufsatz resümiert und reflektiert, ging drei Fragen nach: Welchen Einflu... view more

Das 1951 gegründete Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) rekrutierte seine Beamtenschaft zunächst aus ehemaligen Angehörigen der nationalsozialistischen Polizei. Ein vom BKA 2008 in Auftrag gegebenes Forschungsprojekt, dessen Ergebnisse der Aufsatz resümiert und reflektiert, ging drei Fragen nach: Welchen Einfluss gewannen die reaktivierten NS-Polizisten auf Konzeptionen und Praxis des BKA? Wie prägten die Erfahrungen, welche diese Polizisten vor 1945 gemacht hatten, das Amt nach 1945? Wie wurde die NS-Vergangenheit eines Teils der Gründergeneration innerhalb des BKA thematisiert? Während der 1950er-Jahre testeten die ehemaligen NS-Polizisten, inwieweit sie alte Konzepte im BKA würden fortführen können. In den 1960er-Jahren gerieten diese Beamten unter wachsenden Anpassungsdruck. Auf den radikalen Umbau der Behörde in den 1970er-Jahren besaßen sie keinen Einfluss mehr. Letztlich haben die im BKA reaktivierten NS-Polizisten den Rechtsstaat nicht gefährdet; gerade für die Verfolgten der NS-Zeit aber bleiben ihre Nachkriegskarrieren ein Skandal. Von übergreifendem Forschungsinteresse ist dabei die Analyse spezifischer Organisationskulturen und ihrer Transformationen.... view less


The Bundeskriminalamt (Federal Criminal Police Office, abbreviated in German as BKA) was founded in 1951 and initially recruited its officers from the ranks of the National Socialist police force. A research project funded by the BKA in 2008 (the essential findings of which are presented in this ess... view more

The Bundeskriminalamt (Federal Criminal Police Office, abbreviated in German as BKA) was founded in 1951 and initially recruited its officers from the ranks of the National Socialist police force. A research project funded by the BKA in 2008 (the essential findings of which are presented in this essay) focused on three key questions. First, to what extent were the former Nazi staff able to influence the BKA ’s concepts and practice? Second, in what way did the experiences of policemen prior to 1945 shape the BKA? Third, how did people within the BKA talk about those members of the founding generation who had worked there during the National Socialist period? This essay shows that the former Nazi policemen employed by the BKA during the 1950s were keen to see if they could continue working according to concepts which had been adhered to before 1945. While these officers were increasingly urged to adapt to new circumstances during the 1960s, the reorganisation of the Criminal Police Office during the 1970s brought their influence to an end. Finally, the former National Socialist police members employed by the BKA after 1945 did not represent a realistic threat to the constitutional state. Nevertheless, their post-war careers continue to be a source of scandal, particularly for former victims of the National Socialist police. In this context, the authors’ analysis of different cultures of organisation and their transformation is relevant to studies in contemporary history as a whole.... view less

Classification
Political System, Constitution, Government
General History

Free Keywords
Nationalsozialismus; Politi; Elite; Justiz; Rech; Transformation; Vergangenheitspolitik

Document language
German

Publication Year
2012

Page/Pages
p. 33-53

Journal
Zeithistorische Forschungen / Studies in Contemporary History, 9 (2012) 1

ISSN
1612-6033

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed


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