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%T Challenging the nation-state from within: the emergence of transmunicipal solidarity in the course of the EU refugee controversy %A Heimann, Christiane %A Müller, Sandra %A Schammann, Hannes %A Stürner, Janina %J Social Inclusion %N 2 %P 208-218 %V 7 %D 2019 %K European Union; city networks; concepts of solidarity; integration policy; migration policy; refugee controversy %@ 2183-2803 %U https://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/1994 %X In the context of the so-called refugee crisis, political disputes about solidarity become a central issue with member states applying competing concepts. At the same time, European cities use transnational networks to implement a new form of solidarity among municipalities via city diplomacy (Acuto, Morissette & Tsouros, 2017). Analyzing the deadlock between member states and the emerging activities of cities, we scrutinize the limits of existing approaches to political solidarity (e.g., Agustín & Jørgensen, 2019; Knodt, Tews & Piefer, 2014; Sangiovanni, 2013) to explain this phenomenon. Based on expert interviews and document analysis from a study on transnational municipal networks, we identify an emerging concept of solidarity that challenges the nation states as core providers of solidarity from within: transmunicipal solidarity focuses on joint action of local governments to scale out and scale up. %C MISC %G en %9 journal article %W GESIS - http://www.gesis.org %~ SSOAR - http://www.ssoar.info