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El populismo como espectro de la democracia: una respuesta a Canovan

[journal article]

Arditi, Benjamin

Abstract

La literatura sobre populismo solía describir al fenómeno como una alternativa a la vía normal del tránsito desde una sociedad tradicional a una moderna, como una forma de acceso a la participación política por parte de los excluidos o como una anomalía vis-a-vis la lucha de clases y las institucion... view more

La literatura sobre populismo solía describir al fenómeno como una alternativa a la vía normal del tránsito desde una sociedad tradicional a una moderna, como una forma de acceso a la participación política por parte de los excluidos o como una anomalía vis-a-vis la lucha de clases y las instituciones liberales. Más recientemente, el debate se ha desplazado hacia una suerte de terra incognita debido al interés creciente en la conexión entre el populismo y la política democrática. Una de las contribuciones más interesantes a este debate es un escrito de Margaret Canovan, aunque sólo sea porque hace menos confuso este territorio desconocido. Su argumento parte de la tesis de Michael Oakeshott de que la modernidad política se caracteriza por la interacción entre dos estilos políticos distintos, el de la fe y el del escepticismo. Canovan prefiere llamarles las caras redentora y pragmática de la democracia, y sugiere que el populismo surge en la brecha entre ellas. Esto establece una relación de interioridad entre populismo y democracia. El populismo acompañará a la democracia como una sombra. A veces, sin embargo, el estatuto teórico de la brecha es un tanto incierto, puesto que ésta es más apropiada para pensar la política o, más precisamente, la política radical. Uno también podría especificar más el valor conceptual de la sombra para mostrar la indecidibilidad entre el aspecto democrático del fenómeno y sus posibles tonos inquietantes. El trabajo examina esto detenidamente para ver qué otras posibilidades pueden surgir a partir de una interrogación de lo que plantea Canovan.... view less


The literature on populism used to depict the phenomenon as an alternative to the standard path from traditional to modern society, as a way to enfranchise the underclass, or as an anomaly vis-a-vis standard class politics and liberal institutions. More recently, the debate has shifted into someth... view more

The literature on populism used to depict the phenomenon as an alternative to the standard path from traditional to modern society, as a way to enfranchise the underclass, or as an anomaly vis-a-vis standard class politics and liberal institutions. More recently, the debate has shifted into something of a terra incognita due to the growing interest in the connection between populism and democratic politics. One of the more intriguing contributions to this debate is an article by Margaret Canovan, if only because it makes this unknown territory less confusing. Her argument draws from Michael Oakeshott’s claim that political modernity is characterised by the interplay of two distinct styles, the politics of faith and of scepticism. She renames them the redemptive and pragmatic faces of democracy, and suggests that populism arises in the gap between them. This establishes a relation of interiority between populism and democracy. The former will follow democracy like a shadow. At times, however, the theoretical status of the gap is somewhat uncertain, as it seems more appropriate for thinking politics -particularly radical politics- in general. One could also specify the political valence of the shadow further to show the undecidability between the democratic aspect of the phenomenon and its possible ominous tones. The paper looks into this in some detail to engage in a friendly interrogation of her claims.... view less

Classification
Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture
Basic Research, General Concepts and History of Political Science

Free Keywords
populismo; política; democracia; liberalismo; representación; síntoma; reverso

Document language
Other language

Publication Year
2004

Page/Pages
p. 105-120

Journal
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 47 (2004) 191

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22201/fcpys.2448492xe.2004.191.42453

ISSN
2448-492X

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.