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La nueva dinámica política de América Latina: temas para una agenda de investigación

The new political dynamics in Latin America: topics for a research agenda
[journal article]

Sorj, Bernardo

Abstract

Las transformaciones sociales en América Latina han generado nuevos fenómenos que los discursos políticos dominantes, pero también parte de las ciencias sociales, no consiguen expresar o bien buscan ocultar. Para ejemplificar estos fenómenos el artículo analiza: 1) la emergencia de nuevos poderes de... view more

Las transformaciones sociales en América Latina han generado nuevos fenómenos que los discursos políticos dominantes, pero también parte de las ciencias sociales, no consiguen expresar o bien buscan ocultar. Para ejemplificar estos fenómenos el artículo analiza: 1) la emergencia de nuevos poderes de veto sobre el sistema democrático, distantes de las formas en que se expresaban tradicionalmente; 2) la celebración del surgimiento de "nuevas clases medias", que indican que la región sufrió cambios profundos en su estructura social, pero que confunde un conglomerado estadístico con una categoría social en realidad fragmentada, con dificultades de encontrar una expresión política propia; 3) el debate sobre la regulación de los medios de comunicación, donde argumentamos que por detrás del debate legítimo sobre la necesidad de una acción pública en este sector se esconden dinámicas complejas e intereses poco democráticos, tanto de gobiernos como de empresas; 4) los partidos políticos y la dificultad que tienen para expresar diferencias entre las generacionesy sectores sociales emergentes; 5) la sociedad civil, que se transformó profundamente y que no puede ser tratada como un todo homogéneo y necesariamente virtuoso. Concluimos que la consolidación de la democracia exige del investigador y de los actores políticos la superación de paradigmas analíticos e ideológicos que fueron, y continuando siendo, dominantes en la región.... view less


Social transformations in Latin American have generated new phenomena which dominant political discourse, but also some studies of the political dynamics, are unable to express and even seek to conceal. To illustrate these developments the article analyses: 1) the emergence of new veto powers on t... view more

Social transformations in Latin American have generated new phenomena which dominant political discourse, but also some studies of the political dynamics, are unable to express and even seek to conceal. To illustrate these developments the article analyses: 1) the emergence of new veto powers on the democratic system, quite different from the traditional one; 2) the celebration of the rise of "new middle classes", a statistical conglomerate that refers to important social transformations but does not constitute a social category nor has a clear political expression; 3) the current debate on the regulation of the media, in which we argue that it expresses relevant socio-technological and political changes but is being held in a way that conceals undemocratic interests, both from governments and companies; 4) political parties and their difficulty to represent emerging social groups and generational differences; 5) civil society, which became fragmented and tanned by local political culture and should not be treated as an homogeneous and virtuous universe. We conclude that the consolidation of democracy requires from researchers and political actors to overcome the analytical and ideological paradigms that were, and still are, dominant in the region.... view less

Classification
Macrosociology, Analysis of Whole Societies
Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture

Free Keywords
Latin America; democracy; veto powers; middle classes; political parties; civil society

Document language
Spanish

Publication Year
2013

Page/Pages
p. 61-78

Journal
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 58 (2013) 217

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0185-1918(13)72274-8

ISSN
2448-492X

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.