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¿Cómo recaudar más sin gastar mejor?: sobre las dificultades de incrementar la carga fiscal en México

How to collect more taxes without spending more efficiently?: on the difficulties of increasing the tax burden in Mexico
[journal article]

Elizondo Mayer-Sierra, Carlos

Abstract

Este artículo explora de qué forma se puede incrementar el ingreso fiscal en México, sobre todo a partir de un aumento en la recaudación de los sectores de ingreso más altos. Se describe cuál es la situación mexicana en términos de la capacidad que tiene el gobierno para recaudar. Se analiza por qué... view more

Este artículo explora de qué forma se puede incrementar el ingreso fiscal en México, sobre todo a partir de un aumento en la recaudación de los sectores de ingreso más altos. Se describe cuál es la situación mexicana en términos de la capacidad que tiene el gobierno para recaudar. Se analiza por qué no se ha podido incrementar la recaudación en más de dos décadas, a la vez que se esbozan las estrategias que podría haber seguido la recién iniciada gestión del presidente Peña Nieto para incrementar los ingresos y hacerlo de forma progresiva. Un argumento central es que sin un mejor gasto público es difícil recaudar más de forma permanente, sobre todo en una economía tan abierta y con instituciones tan débiles como las mexicanas. En una democracia, difícilmente se aceptan mayores impuestos, por más progresivos que éstos sean, si no es claro que efectivamente se puede gastar mejor. De este modo, si no se avanza en la calidad y progresividad del gasto público, incluso no es deseable que el gobierno tenga mayores ingresos.... view less


This article explores how tax revenue can be increased in Mexico, especially through more collection in higher-income sectors. An overview of the Mexican government’s capacity to collect taxes is offered before analyzing the reasons why tax revenue has not increased in over more than two decades. ... view more

This article explores how tax revenue can be increased in Mexico, especially through more collection in higher-income sectors. An overview of the Mexican government’s capacity to collect taxes is offered before analyzing the reasons why tax revenue has not increased in over more than two decades. A sketch of strategies that the recent Peña Nieto administration could have followed in order to increase tax revenue in a progressive fashion is also provided. One of the article's main arguments is that without more efficient public spending, it will be difficult to collect more taxes permanently, especially in such an open economy, with institutions that are as weak as those in Mexico. Furthermore, in a democracy, there is little public acceptance for more taxes, no matter how progressive they may be, unless the government can provide certainty about more efficient public spending. For these reasons, unless the quality and progressiveness of public spending and tax collection advances, it is even undesirable that the government increase its tax revenue.... view less

Classification
Public Finance
Economic Policy

Free Keywords
tax revenue; public spending; public finances; fiscal pact; income tax; value added tax; Mexico

Document language
Spanish

Publication Year
2014

Page/Pages
p. 148-189

Journal
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 59 (2014) 220

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0185-1918(14)70804-9

ISSN
2448-492X

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0


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