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Enfrentando las políticas de integración y de ciudadanía: migrantes latinoamericanos en la ciudad europea

Facing Integration and citizenship policies: Latin American migrants in the European city
[journal article]

Pardo, Fabiola

Abstract

En las últimas dos décadas y con el llamado “fracaso del multiculturalismo” emerge un debate importante sobre la formulación de las políticas de integración de los inmigrantes en Europa.Aunque estas políticas deben apuntar a fortalecer la participación de los inmigrantes en todos los ámbitos de la s... view more

En las últimas dos décadas y con el llamado “fracaso del multiculturalismo” emerge un debate importante sobre la formulación de las políticas de integración de los inmigrantes en Europa.Aunque estas políticas deben apuntar a fortalecer la participación de los inmigrantes en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad y a favorecer procesos interculturales, en la práctica los migrantes deben asumir la entera responsabilidad de su integración. Considerando el contexto internacional económico y político actual, Europa enfatiza su rechazo a la migración no occidental y sus políticas tienden a reforzar las medidas de control y el establecimiento de criterios estrictos de selección. Como ilustra el caso de la comunidad latinoamericana, la eficacia de las políticas de integración es limitada y los inmigrantes están participando en las sociedades receptoras por medio de las redes cívicas informales y las actividades transnacionales creadas por ellos mismos, más que por las políticas diseñadas para integrarlos. El resurgimiento de los conceptos de ciudadanía y de identidad nacional como una estrategia para la integración y la cohesión social, así como la urgencia con que se implementan estas políticas -mientras que éstos son procesos que requieren perspectivas de más largo plazo- están conduciendo a la ineficacia por no decir al fracaso de estos esfuerzos legislativos.... view less


Over the last two decades, and with the so-called failure of multiculturalism, an important debate has emerged around integration policy making for immigrants in Europe. While these policies should aim to strengthen the participation of immigrant groups in all spheres of society and encourage interc... view more

Over the last two decades, and with the so-called failure of multiculturalism, an important debate has emerged around integration policy making for immigrants in Europe. While these policies should aim to strengthen the participation of immigrant groups in all spheres of society and encourage intercultural processes, in practise, immigrants are made to shoulder the whole responsibility of their integration. Given the international economic and political context, Europe has underscored its rejection of non-western immigration and its policies tend to enforce control measures as well as the establishment of strict selection criteria. As shown in the Latin-American case, the efficiency of these policies is limited and migrants are participating in host societies through the use of informal social and civic networks and transnational activities developed by migrants themselves, instead of through formal policies designed to integrate them. Immigrants are opening alternative channels of participation in response to the weakness in the government’s policies. The resurgence of the concepts of citizenship and national identity as a strategy for integration and social cohesion, and the urgency that characterises these integration policies despite the fact that theyare processes that require long-term views and goals, are leading to the inefficiency -if not the failure- of these legislative efforts.... view less

Classification
Migration, Sociology of Migration
Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture

Free Keywords
integration policy; multiculturalism; migrant; citizenship; transnationalism; Latin-American migrants

Document language
Spanish

Publication Year
2014

Page/Pages
p. 295-316

Journal
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 59 (2014) 220

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0185-1918(14)70808-6

ISSN
2448-492X

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0


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