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Seguridad, disponibilidad y sustentabilidad energética en México

Energy security, availability, and sustainability in Mexico
[journal article]

Oswald, Úrsula

Abstract

Este artículo explora un concepto de seguridad energética sustentable fincada en el bienestar de la sociedad mexicana y que integra los compromisos asumidos en el Acuerdo de París ante la Convención Marco de Cambio Climático de la ONU (CNUMCC), en 2015 y ratificado en septiembre de 2016 por el Senad... view more

Este artículo explora un concepto de seguridad energética sustentable fincada en el bienestar de la sociedad mexicana y que integra los compromisos asumidos en el Acuerdo de París ante la Convención Marco de Cambio Climático de la ONU (CNUMCC), en 2015 y ratificado en septiembre de 2016 por el Senado. Analiza el concepto de seguridad energética en el contexto internacional y en el mexicano, examina la evolución de la extracción de hidrocarburos, los impactos geopolíticos en los precios globales del crudo, los conflictos, las repercusiones en las finanzas públicas y en Petróleos Mexicanos, así como el incremento de actores ilegales que roban los combustibles fósiles. El texto propone que la crisis actual en los precios de los hidrocarburos abre a México la posibilidad de estimular las energías renovables, que el país posee en abundancia, si bien el gobierno mexicano ha fincado su seguridad energética en hidrocarburos fósiles y pretende cumplir con los compromisos internacionales produciendo energía limpia mediante inversión extranjera. Finalmente, se propone un concepto holístico de seguridad energética que integra factores de seguridad humana, ambiental, económica, societal y de género, que abre a México la posibilidad de una política energética a largo plazo, fincada en la sustentabilidad, la equidad y el bienestar ciudadano colectivo.... view less


This article explores a sustainable concept of energy security based on the wellbeing of the Mexican society that is able to fulfill the ndc committed to unfccc in 2015 and ratified in September 2016 by the Senate. It first analyzes the concept of energy security in the international context and the... view more

This article explores a sustainable concept of energy security based on the wellbeing of the Mexican society that is able to fulfill the ndc committed to unfccc in 2015 and ratified in September 2016 by the Senate. It first analyzes the concept of energy security in the international context and then for Mexico examines globally the evolution of hydrocarbon extraction, conflicts, geopolitical pressures on oil prices, and the impact on public finances in Mexico and its oil company Pemex. The political-military approach of energy security reviews the increase of illegal actors involved in the robbery of fossil fuels. The article shows that energy security is not only a military-political issue, where powerful pressures of global actors affect oil prices by manipulating supply and demand. On the contrary, the text proposes that the current crisis in oil prices opens for Mexico the possibility to promote its abundant renewable energy potential (wind, solar, geothermal, tidal, and biomass). Further, the restructuring of Pemex towards an efficient enterprise would stimulate public investments. Therefore, a holistic concept of energy security integrates human, environmental, economic, gender and societal security. This may open for Mexico the possibility of a long-term energy policy, based on sustainability, equity, and collective citizen's welfare.... view less

Classification
Economic Sectors
Sociology of Economics

Free Keywords
sustainable energy security, geopolitics of oil; international oil prices; renewable energies; citizen, public and private investments in energy, Pemex

Document language
Spanish

Publication Year
2017

Page/Pages
p. 155-195

Journal
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 62 (2017) 230

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0185-1918(17)30020-X

ISSN
2448-492X

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0


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