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Introduction: challenges to political representation in contemporary Chile

Introducción: desafíos a la representación democrática en el Chile actual
[journal article]

Kaltwasser, Cristóbal Rovira
Castiglioni, Rossana

Abstract

Democratic representation seems to be increasingly under stress in various established democracies, such as Greece, Spain, and the USA. Chile is also following this trend, but there are a number of particularities that make the Chilean case distinctive. After all, Chile is widely regarded as one of ... view more

Democratic representation seems to be increasingly under stress in various established democracies, such as Greece, Spain, and the USA. Chile is also following this trend, but there are a number of particularities that make the Chilean case distinctive. After all, Chile is widely regarded as one of the most consolidated democratic regimes in Latin America and as having solid economic performance. However, citizens have shown decreasing levels of satisfaction with democracy and representative institutions, and are turning to protest and social mobilization to express their discontent. The paradox that Chile is facing today lies in the mismatch between the attitudes of voters and the overall performance of the regime. In explaining this intriguing puzzle, most of the literature has emphasized the legacy of institutional arrangements inherited from military rule. We argue that institutions are necessary but insufficient for explaining the increasing challenges that democratic representation faces. Thus, we also claim that it is necessary to consider not only the expansion of critical citizens and middle income earners, but also the repoliticization of inequalities.... view less


La representación democrática parece estar bajo estrés hoy en día en varias democracias establecidas, tales como Grecia, España y los Estados Unidos. Chile también está siguiendo esta tendencia, pero hay una serie de particularidades que hacen el caso chileno distintivo. Después de todo, Chile es us... view more

La representación democrática parece estar bajo estrés hoy en día en varias democracias establecidas, tales como Grecia, España y los Estados Unidos. Chile también está siguiendo esta tendencia, pero hay una serie de particularidades que hacen el caso chileno distintivo. Después de todo, Chile es usualmente considerado como una de las democracias más consolidadas de América Latina y con un desempeño económico sólido. Sin embargo, los ciudadanos muestran decrecientes niveles de satisfacción con la democracia y las instituciones representativas, y hacen creciente uso de la protesta y la movilización social para expresar su descontento. La paradoja que Chile está experimentado hoy día radica en el desajuste entre las actitudes de los votantes y el desempeño del régimen político. Para explicar esta paradoja, la gran mayoría de la literatura académica enfatiza el legado institucional heredado de la dictadura. Nosotros planteamos que las instituciones son necesarias pero insuficientes para explicar los desafíos que experimenta la representación democrática. En consecuencia, argumentamos que a su vez es necesario considerar no solo la expansión de ciudadanos críticos y sectores medios, sino que también la repoliticización de las desigualdades.... view less

Keywords
Latin America; politicization; social mobility; democracy; protest movement; representation; political institution; Chile; social inequality

Classification
Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture

Document language
English

Publication Year
2016

Page/Pages
p. 3-24

Journal
Journal of Politics in Latin America, 8 (2016) 3

Issue topic
Political Representation in Contemporary Chile

ISSN
1868-4890

Status
Published Version; reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0


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