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@article{ Liu2012, title = {Transnational Chinese sphere in Singapore: dynamics, transformations and characteristics}, author = {Liu, Hong}, journal = {Journal of Current Chinese Affairs}, number = {2}, pages = {37-60}, volume = {41}, year = {2012}, issn = {1868-4874}, urn = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-4-5276}, abstract = {Based upon an empirical analysis of Singaporean Chinese’s intriguing and changing linkages with China over the past half century, this paper suggests that multi-layered interactions between the Chinese diaspora and the homeland have led to the formulation of an emerging transnational Chinese social sphere, which has three main characteristics: First, it is a space for communication by ethnic Chinese abroad with their hometown/ homeland through steady and extensive flows of people, ideas, goods and capital that transcend the nation-state borders, although states also play an important role in shaping the nature and characteristics of these flows. Second, this transnational social sphere constitutes a dynamic interface between economy, politics and culture, which has contributed to creating a collective diasporic identity as well as social and business networks. Third, the key institutional mechanism of the transnational social sphere is various types of Chinese organizations – ranging from hometown associations to professional organizations – which serve as integral components of Chinese social and business networks.}, keywords = {Bevölkerungsentwicklung; transformation; international relations; soziales Netzwerk; Ostasien; Chinese; Südostasien; organizations; Transformation; Singapur; Organisationen; social network; population development; economy; Singapore; Southeast Asia; internationale Beziehungen; Wirtschaft; Einwanderung; immigration; Far East; Chinese}}