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Unausweichlichkeit der Demokratisierung oder 'Democracy Bias'? Kulturelle Rahmenbedingungen und Faktoren der Stabilität und Instabilität politischer Regime

Inevitability of democratization or 'democracy bias'? General cultural conditions and factors in the stability and instability of political regimes
[journal article]

Pickel, Gert

Abstract

Der Verfasser hält den Kritikern eines 'democracy bias' entgegen, dass tatsächlich die Zahl der Demokratien in den letzten Jahrzehnten unaufhörlich zugenommen hat und sich Parteidiktaturen, Monarchien und Militärdiktaturen vielfach hin zu beschränkten Mehrparteisystemen entwickelt haben. Er spricht ... view more

Der Verfasser hält den Kritikern eines 'democracy bias' entgegen, dass tatsächlich die Zahl der Demokratien in den letzten Jahrzehnten unaufhörlich zugenommen hat und sich Parteidiktaturen, Monarchien und Militärdiktaturen vielfach hin zu beschränkten Mehrparteisystemen entwickelt haben. Er spricht zudem ein weiteres zentrales Thema der gegenwärtigen internationalen Autokratieforschung an, die Erforschung der Frage, welche Faktoren für die Stabilität und Instabilität von Autokratien sorgen. Er sieht die wesentlichen Ursachen im sozioökonomischen Erfolg der Regime und einer Ideologie. Den Begriff der Ideologie fasst er dabei recht weit. Politische Ideologien, gleich ob sie in nationalistischen, religiösen, sozialistischen oder auch demokratischen Ideen wurzeln, können demnach eine starke Legitimitätsressource für politische Regime sein. Das Fehlen von sozioökonomischem Erfolg und einer ideologischen Grundlage gefährdet demnach die Stabilität eines politischen Regimes. Für den konkreten Zeitpunkt eines Regimezusammenbruchs komme es aber entscheidend auf das Verhalten der Akteure an. (ICF2)... view less


'According to the critics, there is a 'democracy bias' in current research that results from the fact that the researchers presume that the spread of democracy is more closely interrelated with the assumptions of modernization theory than it actually is. However, the facts show that while the number... view more

'According to the critics, there is a 'democracy bias' in current research that results from the fact that the researchers presume that the spread of democracy is more closely interrelated with the assumptions of modernization theory than it actually is. However, the facts show that while the number of democracies has continuously increased, autocracies, single party regimes, monarchies and military regimes have also evolved into limited multiparty systems. One of the main criteria of regime stability is the joint legitimacy granted by the people. The main sources of empirical legitimacy are socio - economic success and an ideology that enhances hegemonic development. A lack of legitimacy is the decisive criterion indicating the collapse of any kind of regime. However, the timing of the collapse also depends on additional features of the structural, institutional and cultural context. Among these, the constellation of actors in relation to the opposing elites is of particular importance.' (author's abstract)|... view less

Keywords
modernization; modernization theory; social inequality; resources; conception of democracy; legitimacy; pluralism; stability; typology; democracy; politics; differentiation; authoritarianism; ideology

Classification
Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture
Basic Research, General Concepts and History of Political Science

Method
qualitative empirical; descriptive study; empirical

Document language
German

Publication Year
2009

Page/Pages
p. 293-322

Journal
Totalitarismus und Demokratie, 6 (2009) 2

ISSN
1612-9008

Status
Published Version; reviewed

Licence
Deposit Licence - No Redistribution, No Modifications


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.