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@article{ Wüst2006,
 title = {Candidates in the 2005 Bundestag election: mode of candidacy, campaigning and issues},
 author = {Wüst, Andreas M. and Schmitt, Hermann and Gschwend, Thomas and Zittel, Thomas},
 journal = {German Politics},
 number = {4},
 pages = {420-438},
 volume = {15},
 year = {2006},
 doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09644000601062576},
 urn = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-258038},
 abstract = {"Electoral campaigns are conducted by parties and candidates to convince the
people to turn out to vote and to vote for them instead of voting for a competitor.
In parliamentary democracies, and especially in those that apply electoral
systems of proportional representation with closed party lists, parties and their
top candidates for prime minister or for chancellor are considered to be the
main actors in campaigns. Consequently, electoral campaigns are primarily
party campaigns which are neither won nor lost by any 'average' candidate.
Parties structure the electoral competition by collectively emphasising certain
issues and by presenting a rather cohesive ideological perspective in a
campaign. Further, candidates and elected MPs are first and foremost representatives
of their parties with very limited personal room for political manoeuvre.
While this assessment is not challenged in principle, we argue that it cuts too
short. In addition to parties, candidates play important roles in electoral campaigns,
and due to the modernisation of parties and campaigns, we expect a substantial
degree of personalised campaigning which is likely to increase in the
future. Given the particular mixed-member electoral system used to elect
the German Bundestag, we are able to differentiate the campaign of pure constituency
candidates, pure list candidates and the most frequent hybrids who ran for
office both in a constituency and on a party list in 2005."  (author's abstract)},
 keywords = {Bundesrepublik Deutschland; party; Repräsentation; Individualisierung; individualization; Wahlkampf; election to the Bundestag; Kandidatur; Politiker; Federal Republic of Germany; election campaign; Partei; Bundestagswahl; representation; personalization; politician; Personalisierung; candidacy}}