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Globalization, political discourse, and welfare systems in comparative perspective: the Federal Republic of Germany, Japan, and the US

Globalisierung, politischer Diskurs und Wohlfahrtssysteme in vergleichender Perspektive: die Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Japan und die USA
[research report]

Seeleib-Kaiser, Martin

Corporate Editor
Universität Bremen, Zentrum für Sozialpolitik

Abstract

"Welfare states are currently challenged by a number of developments: the globalization or internationalization of the economy, changing demographics, a transformation from industrial to post-industrial economies, as well as social and cultural changes. Although all of these variables might be very ... view more

"Welfare states are currently challenged by a number of developments: the globalization or internationalization of the economy, changing demographics, a transformation from industrial to post-industrial economies, as well as social and cultural changes. Although all of these variables might be very important for specific changes in social policy arrangements, in this paper the author will only address the effects of globalization on social policy arrangements. It will be argued that the specific perception of globalization and the constructed links to social policy arrangements within the political discourse will have to be taken into account as a key variable in analyzing the effects of globalization on social policy arrangements. Hence, the central questions addressed in this paper are: Was globalization causally related to changes of welfare systems within the political discourse? Did the constructed links between globalization and the welfare system become dominant or even hegemonic within the political discourse? Have welfare systems changed in a way consistent with the specific perception of globalization? Furthermore, the author argues that focusing solely on the state's activity within the social policy realm might lead to distorted and misleading results. As case studies he has chosen Germany, Japan and the United States. These three countries constitute the centers of the current globalization process while at the same time they have large domestic markets and therefore seem less vulnerable to external economic developments. Furthermore, Germany, Japan, and the U.S. have three very distinct welfare systems. In the following part of the paper, the author will briefly take up the debate within social sciences about the economic limits of state social policy and highlight the importance of analyzing the political discourse, before he will discuss the concept of welfare systems in the second part. Third, the author will show how various links between globalization and the welfare system are socially constructed in different welfare systems. Fourth, he will sketch the more recent reform tendencies at the policy level. Finally, he discusses the different dynamics of welfare systems in an era of globalization in a broader theoretical framework. It will be argued that the concept of path dependency, which has often been used to characterize recent social policy developments, underestimates the changes that have taken place in the various welfare systems." (excerpt)... view less


"Der Wohlfahrtsstaat in den industrialisierten Ländern wird durch eine Reihe von Entwicklungen herausgefordert: die Globalisierung oder Internationalisierung der Wirtschaft, demographische Veränderungen, eine Transformation von industrieller zu post-industrieller Wirtschaft und auch durch soziale wi... view more

"Der Wohlfahrtsstaat in den industrialisierten Ländern wird durch eine Reihe von Entwicklungen herausgefordert: die Globalisierung oder Internationalisierung der Wirtschaft, demographische Veränderungen, eine Transformation von industrieller zu post-industrieller Wirtschaft und auch durch soziale wie kulturelle Veränderungen. Obwohl all diese Variablen für bestimmte Veränderungen in der Sozialpolitik wichtig sein können, werden hier ausschließlich die Auswirkungen der Globalisierung auf die Sozialpolitik in Deutschland, Japan und den USA behandeln: War der Prozeß der Globalisierung mit sozialpolitischen Arrangements gekoppelt, und wenn ja wie? Inwieweit korreliert der politische Diskurs mit Veränderungen in der Politik? Es wird aufgezeigt, daß der politische Diskurs als Schlüsselvariable beachtet werden muß, wenn wir Auswirkungen der Globalisierung identifizieren wollen. Zusätzlich wird behauptet, daß eine ausschließliche Konzentration auf die staatlichen Aktivitäten im Bereich der Sozialpolitik zu verzerrten und irreführenden Ergebnissen führen könnte. Abschließend werden die unterschiedlichen Dynamiken von Wohlfahrtssystemen im Zeitalter der Globalisierung auf einer breiteren theoretischen Grundlage diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, daß das Konzept der Pfadabhängigkeit, mit dem oft die jüngsten Entwicklungen des Wohlfahrtsstaats erklärt wurden, die Veränderungen unterschätzt, die innerhalb der Wohlfahrtssysteme Deutschland, Japans und der USA stattgefunden haben." (Autorenreferat)... view less

Keywords
social system; Asia; North America; discourse; Federal Republic of Germany; development; political development; United States of America; Far East; internationalization; social policy; international comparison; welfare state; globalization; impact; Japan

Classification
Basic Research, General Concepts and History of Social Policy
International Relations, International Politics, Foreign Affairs, Development Policy

Method
descriptive study

Document language
English

Publication Year
2001

City
Bremen

Page/Pages
30 p.

Series
ZeS-Arbeitspapier, 15/01

Licence
Deposit Licence - No Redistribution, No Modifications

Data providerThis metadata entry was indexed by the Special Subject Collection Social Sciences, USB Cologne


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