The Role of Borrowed Words in the Development of the English Language

Abstract

As a result of historical innovations such as trade, wars, globalization, and the expansion of international relations, languages are inevitably subject to changes, with loanwords entering them at an accelerated pace. This process has contributed to enriching languages and brought about structural shifts. Particularly in the modern era, the rise of the English language as a global lingua franca has made introducing new scientific and technological terms into other languages a common phenomenon. This article explores various types of loanwords - direct loanwords, translation loanwords, semantic loanwords, and hybrid loanwords - and investigates their relationship with the phonetic and morphological adaptation of the host language.Additionally, the article addresses how loanwords evolve, including shifts in meaning, semantic expansion, and contraction. Furthermore, the article examines the impact of loanwords, especially those stemming from the English language, on the preservation of national languages and discusses how globalization accelerates linguistic change. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the significant role of loanwords in fostering intercultural exchange and mutual understanding.