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@book{ Paul2025,
 title = {China's Arctic turn: reasons, developments, perspectives},
 author = {Paul, Michael},
 year = {2025},
 series = {SWP Comment},
 pages = {4},
 volume = {8/2025},
 address = {Berlin},
 publisher = {Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit},
 issn = {2747-5107},
 doi = {https://doi.org/10.18449/2025C08},
 urn = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-101544-9},
 abstract = {Apart from several infrastructure projects which ultimately failed, and a surprise visit by the icebreaker Xuelong off the Greenlandic capital, Nuuk, the People's Repub­lic of China has long maintained a cautious and reserved presence in the Arctic in the shadow of Russia and its fleet of icebreakers. But in July and August 2024, three ice­breakers - Xuelong 2, Ji Di and Zhong Shan Da Xue Ji Di - made China's growing pres­ence felt in the Arctic for the first time ever. Beijing is thus signalling more ambitious intentions, and the construction of a heavy icebreaker could enable China to establish a permanent presence in the Arctic Ocean. This development reached a peculiar climax in October 2024, when the Russian state news agency RIA Novosti ran the headline: "The Arctic is becoming Chinese." What are the reasons and implications of China's Arctic turn? (author's abstract)},
 keywords = {China; China; Nordpolargebiet; Arctic; Außenpolitik; foreign policy; Interessenpolitik; pressure-group politics; Sicherheitspolitik; security policy}}