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Female representation at the national level and women sport volunteering in European countries
[journal article]
Abstract This study examines the moderating effects of national female labor force participation, women in sport leadership positions, and female medalists in recent Olympic Games on women's probability to volunteer in sport. Based on social role theory and the similarity attraction paradigm, we predict that... view more
This study examines the moderating effects of national female labor force participation, women in sport leadership positions, and female medalists in recent Olympic Games on women's probability to volunteer in sport. Based on social role theory and the similarity attraction paradigm, we predict that all three factors result in a higher probability of women to volunteer in sport, but with differences among age groups. Linear probability models before and after applying coarsened exact matching were estimated using data from the 2017 Eurobarometer (n = 18,529). The results show that women have a significantly lower probability to volunteer in sport in countries with high female labor force participation and a high share of women in leadership positions in sport organizations. The likelihood of women volunteering in sport is significantly higher in countries with a high share of female Olympic medalists. The age group-specific analysis asking whether volunteering should be considered an investment in human capital by younger women and/or an acquisition of social capital by older women, reveals that a high presence of women among leaders in sport organizations and Olympic medalists is significantly positively correlated with the probability for young women to volunteer in sport. Managers and leaders of nonprofit sport organizations learn from our study that volunteering should be perceived as an investment in human capital by younger women rather than an attempt to acquire social capital by older women.... view less
Keywords
Eurobarometer; woman; proportion of women; honorary office; involvement; sports; Europe; non-profit-organization; gender role; labor force participation; executive position; volunteerism; Olympic Games
Classification
Women's Studies, Feminist Studies, Gender Studies
Leisure Research
Free Keywords
employee generations; social roles; sport volunteering; Eurobarometer 88.4 (2017) (ZA6939)
Document language
English
Publication Year
2023
Page/Pages
p. 783-806
Journal
Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 33 (2023) 4
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21550
ISSN
1542-7854
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed
Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0