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Challenge, threat, coping potential: How primary and secondary appraisals of job demands predict nurses' affective states during the COVID-19 pandemic
[journal article]
Abstract Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rapid raise of work-related stress among nurses, affecting their emotional well-being. This study examined how nurses appraise job demands (i.e. time pressure, emotional demands and physical demands) during the pandemic, and how primary (i.e. challenge and thr... view more
Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rapid raise of work-related stress among nurses, affecting their emotional well-being. This study examined how nurses appraise job demands (i.e. time pressure, emotional demands and physical demands) during the pandemic, and how primary (i.e. challenge and threat) and secondary appraisals (i.e. coping potential) of job demands predict nurses' affective states (i.e. positive affect, anger and anxiety). Design: A cross-sectional online survey. Methods: 419 nurses completed self-report measures of job demands and related appraisals. Data analyses comprised correlation analysis, factor analysis, hierarchical linear regression analysis and dominance analysis. Results: Emotional and physical demands correlated exclusively with threat appraisal, while time pressure correlated with challenge and threat appraisal. Time pressure, emotional demands and threat appraisals of job demands predicted negative affective states, while challenge appraisals of emotional and physical demands predicted positive affect. Coping potential was identified as the most important predictor variable of nurses' affective states. Public Contribution: The current study identified statistically significant risk and protective factors in view of nurses' affective states experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic.... view less
Keywords
contagious disease; epidemic; nursing staff; job requirements; threat; psychophysical stress; risk
Classification
Occupational Research, Occupational Sociology
Working Conditions
Free Keywords
Corona; COVID-19; Coronavirus; challenge; coping potential; Deutsche Version der Positive and Negative Affect Schedule PANAS (GESIS Panel) (ZIS 242)
Document language
English
Publication Year
2023
Page/Pages
p. 3840-3853
Journal
Nursing Open, 10 (2023) 6
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1642
ISSN
2054-1058
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed
Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0