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Family strategies, inheritance systems and the care of the elderly in historical perspective: eastern and western Finland

Familienstrategien, Erbschaftssysteme und die Betreuung der älteren Menschen aus historischer Perspektive: Ost- und West-Finnland
[journal article]

Moring, Beatrice

Abstract

Bei der Untersuchung europäischer Haushaltsstrukturen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert werden die finnischen Haushalte nicht dem nordwesteuropäischen, sondern dem osteuropäischen Haushaltsmuster zugeordnet. Dabei zeigen sich nicht nur Unterschiede zwischen Stadt und Land, sondern auch zwischen Ost- und We... view more

Bei der Untersuchung europäischer Haushaltsstrukturen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert werden die finnischen Haushalte nicht dem nordwesteuropäischen, sondern dem osteuropäischen Haushaltsmuster zugeordnet. Dabei zeigen sich nicht nur Unterschiede zwischen Stadt und Land, sondern auch zwischen Ost- und Westfinnland. Die auf der Grundlage von Steuerregistern, Einwohnerzahlen usw. aus dem Zeitraum 1686 bis 1900 erstellten Tabellen verdeutlichen, daß in Westfinnland die vertikale Stammfamilie und in Ostfinnland eine verzweigte horizontale Familienstruktur vorherrschten. Diese Unterschiede werden auf spezifische Erbschafts- und Landeigentumsregelungen zurückgeführt. In Ost- wie in Westfinnland waren die Haushalte ohne Landbesitz einfacher strukturiert. Die Versorgung der älteren Generation wandelte sich mit der zunehmenden sozialen Schichtung. Während im 18. Jahrhundert viele alte Menschen noch in ihrer Stammfamilie oder einem weitverzweigten Haushalt versorgt wurden, kamen im 19. Jahrhundert viele alte Menschen in eine schwierige Lage. (prf)... view less


'When structuring the famous North West European household system, Hajnal excluded Finland, on the assumption that the household system in Finland in the 18th and 19th centuries varied radically from the Northwest European pattern and more closesly resembled the one described as Eastern European (Ha... view more

'When structuring the famous North West European household system, Hajnal excluded Finland, on the assumption that the household system in Finland in the 18th and 19th centuries varied radically from the Northwest European pattern and more closesly resembled the one described as Eastern European (Hajnal 1965, 1983). Studies on local and regional level have revealed different family patterns not only in urban and rural environments but also in the countryside in the east and the west. In western Finland stem-families were common while in eastern Finland multiple family households with horizontal extension are frequently found. The origin of these differences can be traced to diverging systems within the framework of pre-industrial rural primary production. The economy created a favourable ground for specific arrangements of landownership and inheritance. Landless households in the east and the west were less complex in structure, and overall figures are largely affected by variation in social structure. The capacity of coping with old age changed over time. In the 18th century a large proportion of the elderly could be cared for within the stern or multiple family systems. However, the increasing social stratification in the 19th century placed many elderly people in a difficult position.' (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
pre-industrial society; private household; rural population; family member; Eastern Europe; eighteenth century; historical development; kinship; east-west comparison; landed property; provision for old age; Finland; social structure; inheritance; elderly; extended family; nineteenth century

Classification
Family Sociology, Sociology of Sexual Behavior
Social History, Historical Social Research
Population Studies, Sociology of Population

Method
empirical; historical; quantitative empirical

Document language
English

Publication Year
1998

Page/Pages
p. 67-82

Journal
Historical Social Research, 23 (1998) 1/2

DOI
https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.23.1998.1/2.67-82

ISSN
0172-6404

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.