Меморативный ландшафт: концепция и опыт применения

Abstract

The use of landscape terminology in the studies of urban memory may seem redundant against the background of the established languages of description and discursive practices of commemoration. Nevertheless, the variety of already identified landscapes and approaches to their study illustrates the heuristic potential of the concept. Firstly, the landscape itself indicates a topography, a nuclear connection with the place. Secondly, a spatial frame is set - be it a city, knowledge or some memories associated with a certain territory. Thirdly, and perhaps most importantly, the landscape makes it possible to connect dissimilar elements into something whole. In the landscape, the policy of memory is surprisingly manifested - what to highlight and place in the foreground, and what is better not to notice and ignore. On the other hand, spontaneous elements associated with the personal memories of residents and urban communities rhizom-atically "sprout" through such a design of memory. The article highlights elements of the memorial landscape structure: content, spatial, temporal, communicative-activity and procedural. Its features are demonstrated on the example of two small Russian cities: Inta (Komi Republic, Subpolar Urals) and Kotelnich (Kirov Region); equal in size, but differing in their duration of existence.