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Exploring Connections - Environmental Change, Food Security and Violence as Drivers of Migration - A Critical Review of Research

[journal article]

Morales-Muñoz, Héctor
Jha, Srijna
Bonatti, Michelle
Alff, Henryk
Kurtenbach, Sabine
Sieber, Stefan

Abstract

Migration, whether triggered by single events, such as violent conflict, or by long term pressures related to environmental change or food insecurity is altering sustainable development in societies. Although there is a large amount of literature, there is a gap for consolidating frameworks of migra... view more

Migration, whether triggered by single events, such as violent conflict, or by long term pressures related to environmental change or food insecurity is altering sustainable development in societies. Although there is a large amount of literature, there is a gap for consolidating frameworks of migration-related to the interaction and correlation between drivers. We review scientific papers and research reports about three categories of drivers: Environmental Change (EC), Food Security (FS), and Violent Conflict (VC). First, we organize the literature to understand the explanations of the three drivers on migration individually, as well as the interactions among each other. Secondly, we analyse the literature produced regarding Colombia, Myanmar, and Tanzania; countries with different combinations of the driving factors for migration. Although we find that many correlations are explained in the literature, migration is mostly driven by structural vulnerabilities and unsustainable development paths in places that have a low resilience capacity to cope with risk. For example, food insecurity, as a product of environmental changes (droughts and floods), is seen as a mediating factor detonating violent conflict and migration in vulnerable populations. The paper contributes to the literature about multi-driven migration, presenting an overview of the way in which different driver combinations trigger migration. This is important for determining the best governance mechanisms and policy responses that tackle forced migration and improve the resilience of vulnerable communities as well as sustainable development.... view less

Keywords
environment; food; control; conflict; migration; Colombia; Myanmar; Tanzania; South America; Southeast Asia; East Africa

Classification
Migration, Sociology of Migration

Free Keywords
Umweltveränderungen; Lebensmittelkontrolle; gewaltsamer Konflikt; erzwungene Migration

Document language
English

Publication Year
2020

Page/Pages
p. 1-25

Journal
Sustainability, 12 (2020) 14

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145702

ISSN
2071-1050

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.