Неформальные аспекты институционализации российской политической элиты

Abstract

The article is based on the institutional approach and provides an analysis of political processes in Russian politics. The object of analysis are informal institutions which are viewed as rules and practices established outside the officially sanctioned channels. Different types of informal institutions (including clientelism and political corruption) are reviewed as well as their role in social process. The article emphasize the role of political elites in extension and fixation of informal institutions and practices. It presents a brief analysis of informal institutionalization practices in the political history of Russia and modernity. In the conclusion of the article, risks of further informal institutionalization for the state and society are listed. As an alternative the author presents a concept of "inclusive institutions" which are aimed towards the integration of various interest groups and civil organizations into the political and economical processes.