Translation Problems of Non-Equivalent Vocabulary

Abstract

In every language, lexical units cannot be directly translated into other languages. These linguistic components, often called non-equivalent vocabulary or realia, are deeply rooted in a language's cultural and national background. The absence of direct equivalents for these terms in other languages necessitates using various translation methods. Non-equivalent vocabulary and realia are terms used interchangeably, and both denote language elements that lack a literal translation and are closely intertwined with culture.Non-equivalent lexical units encompass names of items, concepts, and abstract entities representing specific national characteristics and everyday life. Their translation into other languages poses a significant challenge. While in-depth research on this issue is currently lacking, it is widely acknowledged that English is frequently employed as a means of communication in the global arena, often serving as the target language to communicate in economic, political-cultural, and other fields. This generates substantial difficulties in translating from other languages into English. Consequently, gaining insight into national colour words and realia, which complicate the translation process, is paramount. This article explores the linguistic and cultural aspects of non-equivalent vocabulary. Descriptive and comparative methods were applied in writing this article, utilising literature sources in Azerbaijani, Russian, and English.