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Tackling Complexity of the Just Transition in the EU: Evidence from Romania
[journal article]
Abstract The process of reaching carbon neutrality by 2050 and cutting CO2 emissions by 2030 by 55% compared to 1990 as per the EU Green Deal is highly complex. The energy mix must be changed to ensure long-term environmental sustainability, mainly by closing down coal sites, while preserving the energy-inte... view more
The process of reaching carbon neutrality by 2050 and cutting CO2 emissions by 2030 by 55% compared to 1990 as per the EU Green Deal is highly complex. The energy mix must be changed to ensure long-term environmental sustainability, mainly by closing down coal sites, while preserving the energy-intensive short-term economic growth, ensuring social equity, and opening opportunities for regions diminishing in population and potential. Romania is currently in the position of deciding the optimal way forward in this challenging societal shift while morphing to evidence-based policy-making and anticipatory governance, mainly in its two coal-mining regions. This article provides possible future scenarios for tackling this complex issue in Romania through a three-pronged, staggered, methodology: (1) clustering Romania with other similar countries from the point of view of the Just Transition efforts (i.e., the energy mix and the socio-economic parameters), (2) analyzing Romania’s potential evolution of the energy mix from the point of the thermal efficiency of two major power plants (CEH and CEO) and the systemic energy losses, and (3) providing insights on the socio-economic context (economic development and labor market transformations, including the component on the effects on vulnerable consumers) of the central coal regions in Romania.... view less
Keywords
Romania; renewable energy; energy policy; energy; EU; sustainability; coal; power plant
Classification
Ecology, Environment
Special areas of Departmental Policy
Free Keywords
EU-SILC 2018; Green Deal; coal phase-out; energy transition; Just Transition
Document language
English
Publication Year
2021
Page/Pages
p. 1-22
Journal
Energies, 14 (2021) 5
Issue topic
Political Economy of Energy Policies
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051509
ISSN
1996-1073
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed