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https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bib-wp-2014-011

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Migrationshintergrund, soziale Ungleichheit oder Bildungspolitik: Wodurch lassen sich Bildungsdifferenzen erklären?

Migration Background, Social Inequality or Education Policy: How can we explain different education outcomes?
[working paper]

Debuschewitz, Pia
Bujard, Martin

Corporate Editor
Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung (BIB)

Abstract

Infolge der PISA-Studien ist die Bildungsforschung in den öffentlichen Fokus gerückt, wobei sich die Bewertung der Bildungsunterschiede stark unterscheidet: Häufig werden singulär Migrantengruppen, soziale Ungleichheit oder die Bildungspolitik als Ursache genannt. Da Migrationshintergrund und sozial... view more

Infolge der PISA-Studien ist die Bildungsforschung in den öffentlichen Fokus gerückt, wobei sich die Bewertung der Bildungsunterschiede stark unterscheidet: Häufig werden singulär Migrantengruppen, soziale Ungleichheit oder die Bildungspolitik als Ursache genannt. Da Migrationshintergrund und soziale Ungleichheit korrelieren, stellt sich gerade in einem Einwanderungsland wie Deutschland die Frage nach dem kausalen Mechanismus. Ziel der Studie ist es, die relative Erklärungskraft dieser Faktoren und ihr Zusammenspiel mit empirischen Analysen zu identifizieren. Anhand der PISA-Studie von 2006 werden Determinanten der naturwissenschaftlichen Kompetenz in Deutschland analysiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass Migrationshintergrund und soziale Schicht nicht nur jeweils einen eigenen Effekt auf das Kompetenzniveau haben, sondern sich zusätzlich gemeinsam verstärken. Ferner werden erhebliche regionale Disparitäten aufgezeigt, die aus datenspezifischen Gründen häufig ausgeblendet werden. Die Analysen unterstreichen die immense Bedeutung des Forschungsdesigns für empirische Befunde und davon abgeleitete politische Implikationen.... view less


The publication of PISA has affected both education research and education debate immensely. Thereby the education differences within Germany are assessed very differently: Often singular factors as migration background, social inequality or education policy are mentioned as reasons and the PISA-stu... view more

The publication of PISA has affected both education research and education debate immensely. Thereby the education differences within Germany are assessed very differently: Often singular factors as migration background, social inequality or education policy are mentioned as reasons and the PISA-studies are politically instrumentalized. Given the correlation of migration background and social inequality, especially in a country of immigration like Germany it raises the question of the causal mechanisms. This article examines the relative explanatory power of these factors using empirical analyses. On the basis of PISA 2006 we analyse determinants of science competence in Germany by using regression analysis. As a result, it can be shown that migration background and social classes not only have an impact on the competence each, but the interaction of both has an additional effect. Furthermore, there are significant regional disparities which are rarely examined due to data-specific problems. The juxtaposition of OECD-country comparison with comparison on German state level demonstrates the danger of drawing false conclusions because of the whole-nation bias. The analysis emphasizes the strong impact of the research design for empirical results and its resulting political implications.... view less

Keywords
migration background; social inequality; educational policy; educational research; educational inequality; natural sciences; competence; social stratum; PISA study; Federal Republic of Germany

Classification
Macroanalysis of the Education System, Economics of Education, Educational Policy
Migration, Sociology of Migration

Free Keywords
regionale Disparitäten, methodischer Nationalismus, Interaktionseffekte

Document language
German

Publication Year
2014

City
Wiesbaden

Page/Pages
24 p.

Series
BiB Working Paper, 1-2014

ISSN
2196-9574

Status
Published Version; reviewed

Licence
Deposit Licence - No Redistribution, No Modifications


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