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Differences in power structures regarding access to natural resources at the village level in Central Sulawesi (Indonesia)

[journal article]

Koch, Sebastian
Faust, Heiko
Barkmann, Jan

Abstract

"Die Bergregenwälder Zentralsulawesis sind Teil des globalen Wallacea-Biodiversität-'Hotspots' und beheimaten viele endemische Tier- und Pflanzenarten. Die Entwaldung im Bereich des dortigen Lore-Lindu Nationalparks unterscheidet sich zwischen umliegenden Dörfern stärker, als dies durch quantitative... view more

"Die Bergregenwälder Zentralsulawesis sind Teil des globalen Wallacea-Biodiversität-'Hotspots' und beheimaten viele endemische Tier- und Pflanzenarten. Die Entwaldung im Bereich des dortigen Lore-Lindu Nationalparks unterscheidet sich zwischen umliegenden Dörfern stärker, als dies durch quantitative Haushaltsdaten zu erklären ist. Darauf aufbauend untersuchten wir Unterschiede in den Machtstrukturen bezüglich des Zugangs zu natürlichen Ressourcen zwischen einzelnen Dörfern. Die Ergebnisse basieren auf 3x10 halbstrukturierten, qualitativen Interviews mit Schlüsselinformanten und Führungspersonen der autochthonen und der hinzugezogenen Bevölkerung aus drei sich unterscheidenden Dörfern. Untersuchungsdorf A ist gekennzeichnet durch feudale Machtstrukturen ausgehend von einer Gruppe autochthoner Familien, die nahezu alle Positionen der formalen Dorfführung und des traditionellen Dorfrats (Lembaga Adat) innehaben und die Entwaldung und Landverkäufe begrenzen. Solche institutionellen Restriktionen bestehen im Untersuchungsdorf C kaum. Die traditionellen und formalen Machtverhältnisse wurden hier weitgehend durch ökonomische Machtverhältnisse ersetzt, welche sich wiederum auf den Erwerbsanbau der internationalen Handelsware Kakao gründen. Die Abholzungsraten sind hier deutlich höher. Im Dorf B sind die traditionellen Machstrukturen oberflächlich noch vorhanden, Landverkäufe sind aber weniger stark begrenzt - und die Abholzungsraten ebenfalls recht hoch. Zusammenfassend belegt die Studie die relative Effektivität traditioneller Institutionen, den Zugang zu natürlichen Ressourcen zu regulieren, deckt jedoch auch deren problematische soziale Auswirkungen auf." (Autorenreferat)... view less


"The mountain forests of the Indonesian province of Central Sulawesi include core areas of the global Wallacea biodiversity 'hotspot'. Remote sensing data indicated that deforestation rates around Central Sulawesi's Lore-Lindu National Park differ more strongly between villages than could be explain... view more

"The mountain forests of the Indonesian province of Central Sulawesi include core areas of the global Wallacea biodiversity 'hotspot'. Remote sensing data indicated that deforestation rates around Central Sulawesi's Lore-Lindu National Park differ more strongly between villages than could be explained by differences in the individual characteristics of the village households as assessed by quantitative village censuses. This setting provided the background for a study into inter-village differences in power structures regarding access to natural resources. The results are abstracted from 3x10 semi-structured, qualitative interviews with key informants from the leading groups of autochthonous and migrant households of three contrasting villages. In village A, nearly feudal power relationships are exerted by a group of local 'first settler' families that dominate formal village leadership as well as the influential Council of Traditional Leaders (Lembaga Adat), and that restrict deforestation and land transactions. No such institutional restrictions exist in village C. Traditional power relationships are replaced by economic power based on petty capitalist type production of the international agricultural commodity cocoa. Deforestation is much higher in village C. In village B, traditional institutions and power structures still appear in place although land transactions are less restricted than in village A, resulting also in high deforestation rates. While contrasting problematic social effects, our study highlights the potential efficacy of traditional institutions in the regulation of access to resources." (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
Indonesia; Southeast Asia; village; power; structure; comparative research; landscape protection; forest; selling; nature; resources; institutional factors; social effects; impact; developing country; Asia

Classification
Sociology of Developing Countries, Developmental Sociology
Rural Sociology
Ecology, Environment

Method
empirical; qualitative empirical

Document language
English

Publication Year
2008

Page/Pages
p. 59-81

Journal
ASEAS - Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 1 (2008) 2

ISSN
1999-253X

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works


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