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Die Denunziation in der Sowjetunion und im postsowjetischen Rußland

Denunciation in the Soviet Union and in post-Soviet Russia
[journal article]

Scherbakova, Irina

Abstract

Der Beitrag beschreibt die 'langen Wellen' und dauerhaften Prägungen, die Denunziation in der Gesellschaft und politischen Kultur Russlands seit der Oktoberrevolution hinterlassen haben. In Russland gab es, so die These der Autorin, eine lange Tradition kultureller Muster, an die das Denunziationsve... view more

Der Beitrag beschreibt die 'langen Wellen' und dauerhaften Prägungen, die Denunziation in der Gesellschaft und politischen Kultur Russlands seit der Oktoberrevolution hinterlassen haben. In Russland gab es, so die These der Autorin, eine lange Tradition kultureller Muster, an die das Denunziationsverhalten im Stalinismus anschließen konnten. Für die Durchführung der 'totalen' Kontrolle bedurfte es tausender Agenten und inoffizieller Mitarbeiter, die regelmäßig Nachforschungen in allen gesellschaftlichen Nischen der Sowjetunion durchführten. Alle, angefangen bei Stalin, sammelten kompromittierende Einzelheiten - einer gegen den anderen. Gleichzeitig war der Kontakt zu den staatlichen Organen gefährlich. Jede Zusammenarbeit war immer mit der Gefahr verbunden, selbst wegen Denunziation verhaftet zu werden. Erst mit der Perestroika änderten sich diese schizophrene Situation und das Klima des allgemeinen Misstrauens vollständig. In den Medien traten - in gutem ehemaligen stalinistischen Stil - Mitarbeiter mit öffentlichen Reuebekenntnissen auf. Zu einer wirklichen Vergangenheitsbewältigung und Wiedergeburt der Gesellschaft ist es für die Autorin jedoch bis jetzt nicht gekommen. (ICA)... view less


'In Russian history, there is a long tradition of denunciation dating back to the times of Peter I. In the revolutionary period beginning in the late 19th century, both rebels and the secret police reinforced these tendencies heavily which resulted in the critical atmosphere of the post-1917 years. ... view more

'In Russian history, there is a long tradition of denunciation dating back to the times of Peter I. In the revolutionary period beginning in the late 19th century, both rebels and the secret police reinforced these tendencies heavily which resulted in the critical atmosphere of the post-1917 years. During Stalinist rule, especially in the 1920s and 1930s, denunciations occurred in enormous numbers. Motives were different, and although ideological reasons were important, fear was the most essential stimulus for such behaviour, which climaxed during the Great Terror of 1936/37. The situation relaxed remarkably after Stalin's death, but the possibility of being denounced remained a fact in Soviet society until Perestrojka started in the early 1990s. Nevertheless, the still closed archives on the one hand and the fear of rising criminality on the other hand (against which undercover-agents might be valuable) are obstacles for a truly open debate on denunciation in Russian history.' (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
post-socialist country; stalinism; Russia; secret service; confidence; monitoring; denunciation; social control; totalitarianism; communism; USSR; tradition; USSR successor state

Classification
Political System, Constitution, Government
General History
Criminal Sociology, Sociology of Law

Method
descriptive study; historical

Document language
German

Publication Year
2001

Page/Pages
p. 170-178

Journal
Historical Social Research, 26 (2001) 2/3

DOI
https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.26.2001.2/3.170-178

ISSN
0172-6404

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0


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Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.