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Ein Erbe des maritimen Wettrüstens: der Atommüll der Nordmeerflotte

A legacy of the maritime arms race: the nuclear waste of the North Sea Fleet
[working paper]

Kronfeld-Goharani, Ulrike

Corporate Editor
Schleswig-Holsteinisches Institut für Friedenswissenschaften -SCHIFF- an der Universität Kiel

Abstract

"Jahrzehntelang wurden weltweit nukleare Sprengköpfe und Reaktoren produziert, ohne dass man wusste, wie ausgedientes nukleares Material sicher entsorgt werden konnte. Erklärt wurde das in Ost und West mit der Logik des Kalten Krieges. Nuklearsektoren unterlagen absoluter Geheimhaltung und waren öff... view more

"Jahrzehntelang wurden weltweit nukleare Sprengköpfe und Reaktoren produziert, ohne dass man wusste, wie ausgedientes nukleares Material sicher entsorgt werden konnte. Erklärt wurde das in Ost und West mit der Logik des Kalten Krieges. Nuklearsektoren unterlagen absoluter Geheimhaltung und waren öffentlicher Kritik und Kontrolle vollständig entzogen. Die Risiken kannte man nicht genau und dementsprechend unzureichend waren vielerorts die Sicherheitsstandards, wenn es sie überhaupt gab. Zu den Regionen, die von den Folgen dieser Politik besonders stark betroffen sind, zählt die Kola Halbinsel in Nordwestrussland. Im Januar 1998 wies der Euro-Arktische Barentsrat (BEAC) darauf hin, dass die nukleare (Un-)Sicherheit und der radioaktive Müll in Nordwestrussland ein wachsendes Umwelt- und Sicherheitsproblem darstellen. Die norwegische Umweltorganisation Bellona sprach in diesem Zusammenhang von einem 'Tschernobyl in Zeitlupe'. In der vorliegenden Studie wird auf Art und Umfang des nuklearen Abfalls der Nordmeerflotte in den Marinestützpunkten auf der Kola-Halbinsel und der angrenzenden Barentssee eingegangen. Bestehende Probleme in bezug auf das Managen, Aufbereiten und Lagern des in rund 40 Jahren seit Inbetriebnahme der ersten atomar angetriebenen Schiffe angefallenen und durch den Betrieb der Flotte weiter anwachsenden Nuklearmülls werden vorgestellt. Abschließend werden potentielle Gefahren der derzeitigen Situation unter ökologischen, ökonomischen und sicherheitspolitischen Aspekten diskutiert." (Autorenreferat)... view less


"For decades worldwide nuclear warheads and reactors were produced without knowing how to remove nuclear waste in a safe manner. In East and West this was explained by the logic of the Cold War. Nuclear sectors were subject to absolute security and beyond public criticism and civilian control. The r... view more

"For decades worldwide nuclear warheads and reactors were produced without knowing how to remove nuclear waste in a safe manner. In East and West this was explained by the logic of the Cold War. Nuclear sectors were subject to absolute security and beyond public criticism and civilian control. The risks were not accurately known and correspondingly the security standards were inadequate in many places, if there were any at all. The Kola peninsula in North-Western Russia belongs to the regions, which are very strongly affected as a result of this policy. In January, 1998, the Barents-European Arctic Council (BEAC) emphasized that the nuclear uncertainty and the radioactive waste in North-Western Russia meant a growing environmental and security problem. The Norwegian environmental organisation Bellona spoke in this context of a 'Chernobyl in slow motion'. In the present study, the type and extent of the nuclear waste in the naval bases of the Northern Fleet on the Kola peninsula and in the adjacent Barents Sea are presented. Existing problems with regard to the management, reprocessing and storage of nuclear waste and spent nuclear fuel, which were accumulated during the last 40 years since the commissioning of the first nuclear-powered vessels and which are still arising from the continuing operation of the Northern Fleet are described. Finally, potential threats of the present situation under ecological, economic and political security aspects are discussed." (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
post-socialist country; region; waste; environmental impact; prevention; microeconomic factors; Russia; navy; environmental factors; environmental pollution; security policy; seas; hazardous material; accident risk; nuclear energy; USSR successor state

Classification
Ecology, Environment
Peace and Conflict Research, International Conflicts, Security Policy

Method
descriptive study

Free Keywords
Atommüll; Nordmeerflotte

Document language
German

Publication Year
1999

City
Kiel

Page/Pages
38 p.

Series
SCHIFF-texte, 53

Licence
Deposit Licence - No Redistribution, No Modifications

Data providerThis metadata entry was indexed by the Special Subject Collection Social Sciences, USB Cologne


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.