The new presence of China in Africa

Abstract

This book describes China's growing range of activities in Africa, especially in the sub-Saharan region. The three most important instruments China has at its disposal in Africa are development aid, investments and trade policy. The Chinese government, which believes the Western development aid model has failed, is looking for new forms of aid and development in Africa. China's economic success can partly be ascribed to the huge availability of cheap labour, which is primarily employed in export-oriented industries. China is looking for the required raw materials in Africa, and for new marketplaces. Investments are being made on a large scale in Africa by Chinese state-controlled firms and private companies, particularly in the oil-producing countries (Angola, Nigeria and Sudan) and countries rich in minerals (Zambia). Third, the trade policy China is conducting is analysed in China and compared with that of Europe and the United States. In case studies the specific situation in several African countries is examined. In Zambia the mining industry, construction and agriculture are described. One case study of Sudan deals with the political presence of China in Sudan and the extent to which Chinese arms suppliers contributed to the current crisis in Darfur. The possibility of Chinese diplomacy offering a solution in that conflict is discussed. The conclusion considers whether social responsibility can be expected of the Chinese government and companies and if this is desirable, and to what extent the Chinese model in Africa can act as an example - or not - for the West.

Table of contents: Objectives of and instruments for China’s new presence in Africa / Meine Pieter van Dijk China’s opening up, from Shenzhen to Sudan / Filip de Beule and Daniël Van den Bulcke Chinese aid to Africa, origins, forms and issues / Jean-Raphaël Chaponnière China’s investments in Africa / Peter Kragelund and Meine Pieter van Dijk Competing trade policies with respect to Africa / Meine Pieter van Dijk State-driven Chinese investments in Zambia: combining strategic interests and profits / Anders Bastholm and Peter Kragelund The political impact of the Chinese in Sudan / Meine Pieter van Dijk The impact of the Chinese in other African countries and sectors / Meine Pieter van Dijk Responsible production in Africa: the rise of China as a threat or opportunity? / Peter Knorringa Conclusions from China’s activities in Africa / Meine Pieter van Dijk

China vindt in Afrika grondstoffen en afzetmarkten voor zijn snelgroeiende exportindustrie. De auteurs van dit boek vergelijken de Chinese aanpak op het gebied van ontwikkelingshulp, investeringen en handelspolitiek met die van het Westen en bespreken in hoeverre het Chinese model in Afrika als voorbeeld kan dienen. Dit boek beschrijft de activiteiten die China in Afrika ontplooit, en dan met name ten zuiden van de Sahara. De drie belangrijkste instrumenten die China ter beschikking staan in Afrika zijn ontwikkelingshulp, investeringen en handelspolitiek. De Chinese overheid, volgens wie de westerse ontwikkelingshulp gefaald heeft, zoekt nieuwe vormen van hulp en ontwikkeling in Afrika. Het economische succes van China kan deels verklaard worden uit de grote beschikbaarheid van goedkope arbeid, die vooral wordt ingezet in op export gerichte industrie. De daarvoor benodigde grondstoffen zoekt China onder meer in Afrika, evenals nieuwe afzetmarkten. Er wordt op grote schaal door zowel Chinese staatsondernemeningen als particuliere bedrijven geC/nvesteerd in Afrika, met name in de olie-producerende landen (Angola, Nigeria en Sudan) en landen die rijk zijn aan grondstoffen (Zambia). Ten derde wordt de door China bedreven handelspolitiek in China geanalyseerd en vergeleken met die van Europa en de Verenigde Staten.