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Legitimate oligopolies of violence in post-conflict societies with particular focus on Liberia and Sierra Leone

[research report]

Mehler, Andreas
Lambach, Daniel
Smith-Höhn, Judy

Corporate Editor
Deutsche Stiftung Friedensforschung

Abstract

"During post-conflict periods, institutions and patterns of action are challenged and renegotiated – processes that have long gone largely unrecognized. There continues to be a lack of empirical research on the constellations of authority following the cessation of conflict. This lack corresponds to... view more

"During post-conflict periods, institutions and patterns of action are challenged and renegotiated – processes that have long gone largely unrecognized. There continues to be a lack of empirical research on the constellations of authority following the cessation of conflict. This lack corresponds to deficiencies on the level of policy-making: It appears that Western donors, until today, base their approaches to post-conflict reconstruction on the wholly unchallenged assumption that the state is the only legitimate actor in this area. This research project focused on core questions in post-conflict security provision by and beyond the state. The central question of the project was to determine which actors (such as traditional authorities, the remnants of state security organs, private entrepreneurs, international peacekeeping missions etc.) provide security in a situation of fragmented authority, i.e. sanctioning violence and crime. Moreover, the project sought to analyze under which conditions these actors are considered legitimate by different groups within society: some actors might protect specific groups among the population while representing a threat to others. These questions were addressed in empirical case studies of Liberia and Sierra Leone. The project worked under the basic assumption that oligopolies of violence exist in periods directly preceded by conflict, comprising a limited number of actors that produce violence and provide security, who both compete and cooperate with each other. It was also assumed that oligopolies exhibited significant variation, with one important sub-type being an 'oligopoly with market leader'. (...)" (author's abstract)... view less


"In Postkonfliktsituationen werden Institutionen, aber auch Handlungsmuster überprüft und neu ausgehandelt, Prozesse, die lange wenig Beachtung gefunden haben. Es gibt immer noch einen Mangel an empirischer Forschung zu den Konstellationen von Herrschaftsbeziehungen nach Beendigung von Gewaltkonflik... view more

"In Postkonfliktsituationen werden Institutionen, aber auch Handlungsmuster überprüft und neu ausgehandelt, Prozesse, die lange wenig Beachtung gefunden haben. Es gibt immer noch einen Mangel an empirischer Forschung zu den Konstellationen von Herrschaftsbeziehungen nach Beendigung von Gewaltkonflikten. Dem entsprechen auch Defizite in der praktischen Politik. Bis heute gründen westliche Ansätze zu post-konfliktivem Wiederaufbau auf der Annahme, dass der Staat der einzige legitime Akteur im Sicherheitsbereich sei. Die zentrale Frage dieses Projekts war demgegenüber, welche Akteure (traditionelle Autoritäten, der Rumpfstaat, private Unternehmen, internationale Friedensmissionen etc.) in einer Situation fragmentierter Autorität Sicherheit gewährleisten, d.h. Gewalt real kontrollieren. Darüber hinaus ging es um die Analyse, wie legitim solche Akteure in den Augen unterschiedlicher sozialer Gruppen sind – dies auch unter der Annahme, dass sie bestimmte Bevölkerungsgruppen beschützen können, gleichzeitig aber eine Bedrohung von anderen darstellen mögen. Diese Fragen wurden zunächst in Fallstudien zu Liberia und Sierra Leone untersucht. Das Projekt arbeitete unter der Grundannahme, dass Gewaltoligopole in unmittelbaren Postkonfliktsituationen bestehen, die eine begrenzte Anzahl von Gewaltakteuren/Sicherheitsproduzenten umfassen, und die untereinander konkurrieren und kooperieren. Hierbei wurden erhebliche Variationen einer solchen Konstellation angenommen, wobei eine wichtige Variante das 'Gewaltoligopol mit einem dominanten Marktführer' sein würde. (...)" (Autorenreferat)... view less

Keywords
security; violence; civil war; Liberia; political stability; conflict management; conflict mediation; monopoly on violence; oligopoly; conflict situation; Sierra Leone

Classification
Peace and Conflict Research, International Conflicts, Security Policy

Document language
English

Publication Year
2010

City
Osnabrück

Page/Pages
45 p.

Series
Forschung DSF, 23

Licence
Deposit Licence - No Redistribution, No Modifications

Data providerThis metadata entry was indexed by the Special Subject Collection Social Sciences, USB Cologne


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.