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Das existenzielle Interview

The existential interview
[journal article]

Seidel, Reiner

Abstract

Die Methode des "existenziellen Interviews" wird vorgestellt. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Methode steht die existenzielle Befindlichkeit des Befragten bzw. sein gegenwärtiges Erleben seiner Gesamtsituation. Im existenziellen Interview werden die Bereiche (1) Perspektive, (2) Arbeit und (3) soziale Beziehu... view more

Die Methode des "existenziellen Interviews" wird vorgestellt. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Methode steht die existenzielle Befindlichkeit des Befragten bzw. sein gegenwärtiges Erleben seiner Gesamtsituation. Im existenziellen Interview werden die Bereiche (1) Perspektive, (2) Arbeit und (3) soziale Beziehungen thematisiert, wobei jeweils auch (4) die Biographie ins Spiel kommt. Diese thematischen Vorgaben widersprechen nicht der streng phänomenologischen Ausrichtung des Interviews, im Gegenteil: Durch die Vorgabe der thematischen Kernpunkte wird einerseits eine einseitige Ausrichtung (etwa auf eine Symptomatik), andererseits eine Vernachlässigung existenzieller Bereiche (etwa das Aussparen einer Beziehungsproblematik) vermieden. Das existenziellen Interview bietet sich daher als eine universale Basis diagnostischer oder intervenierender Tätigkeit an. In der methodischen Diskussion soll das existenzielle Interview die Problematik des unvermeidbaren Ineinandergreifens der Horizonte des Befragten und des Interviewers (Verhältnis von Phänomenologie und Hermeneutik) präzisieren helfen. In der Trennung der Schritte I (Interview/ Transkript) und II (Rohform) einerseits und III (eigentliches Befindlichkeits-Bild) anderseits wird der minimale, aber unvermeidliche Eingriff des Zuhörenden herauspräpariert, der darin besteht, dass der eine (der Zuhörer) sich ein "Bild" des anderen (des Befragten) macht.... view less


The central subject of the "existential interview" is the interviewee's "existential feeling" (mood/ consciousness/ state), i.e. the inner experience of his actual life as a whole. The interviewee is requested to report on all aspects which are to be considered as being keystones for the life of any... view more

The central subject of the "existential interview" is the interviewee's "existential feeling" (mood/ consciousness/ state), i.e. the inner experience of his actual life as a whole. The interviewee is requested to report on all aspects which are to be considered as being keystones for the life of any modern people and which may be summarized in four categories: 1) perspectives (implicit life-concept), 2) work (incl. what the person lives on), 3) emotional relations to nearest persons, all this including 4) basic biographical data. In spite of this fixed thematical framework the orientation of the interview is strictly phenomenological; fixing the basic issues is to avoid undue concentration upon special subjects as well as disregard of existential keystones. The existential interview may provide a universal basis for any diagnostic or interventive psychological activity. The issue of "existential feeling" is also to be viewed as a hitherto neglected aspect of concepts like "identity" or "personality". As to methodology the existential interview may help to clarify the basic problem of the entanglement of the "horizons" of interviewer and interviewee (referring to the relation of phenomenology and hermeneutics). The minimal interference of the interpreter (interviewer) into the other's reported experiences unavoidably happens where the interviewer is about to form an image or "picture" of the other's existential feeling. In order to make this frontier as explicit as possible the reporting process is divided into three steps: I interview and transcript, II preparation of a summarizing "raw-form", and then III the "existential feeling-picture", where just the transition from II to III is seen as the point of (minimal) intervention of the interviewers horizon into that of the interviewee.... view less

Classification
Methods and Techniques of Data Collection and Data Analysis, Statistical Methods, Computer Methods

Free Keywords
2260 Research Methods & Experimental Design, Existentialismus, 1110 methodological study, method of existential interview, biographical data, life perspectives & occupation & social relationships, theoretical background & practical aspects

Document language
German

Publication Year
2005

Page/Pages
p. 255-272

Journal
Journal für Psychologie, 13 (2005) 3

Status
Published Version; reviewed

Licence
Deposit Licence - No Redistribution, No Modifications


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.