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How Has the Gender Earnings Gap in Ireland Changed in Thirty Years?
[journal article]
Abstract Since 1987, the wages of women in Ireland have been growing faster than those of men. This, coupled with a decrease in the average hours worked by men, has resulted in a reduction in the gender earnings gap in Ireland, most notably at the bottom of the earnings distribution. This paper provides a de... view more
Since 1987, the wages of women in Ireland have been growing faster than those of men. This, coupled with a decrease in the average hours worked by men, has resulted in a reduction in the gender earnings gap in Ireland, most notably at the bottom of the earnings distribution. This paper provides a descriptive analysis of the growth of male and female wages, weekly earnings, and differences in working patterns across the wage and earnings distribution in Ireland over the last three decades, using detailed microdata covering the period 1987-2019. Using a Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition approach, based on unconditional quantile regressions for each time period, we also show how the explained and unexplained components of the gender wage gap have changed across the wage distribution. We find that the mean and median gender gap in earnings fell by one-sixth and one-quarter, respectively, between 1987 and 2019. This change is attributable to the faster growth of women’s wages compared to men’s and some convergence in the average hours worked by men and women. However, there has been relatively stable structural inequality at the top of the wage and earnings distribution over the past three decades, which points towards a persistent glass ceiling in Ireland.... view less
Keywords
Ireland; gender-specific factors; inequality; gender relations; difference in income; tax system; social benefits
Classification
Women's Studies, Feminist Studies, Gender Studies
Income Policy, Property Policy, Wage Policy
Free Keywords
gender inequality; decomposition; tax-benefit system; EU-SILC
Document language
English
Publication Year
2022
Page/Pages
p. 1-21
Journal
Social Sciences, 11 (2022) 8
Issue topic
Dynamics of Gender Income Inequality
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11080367
ISSN
2076-0760
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed