Миграция как угроза безопасности принимающего сообщества: особенности восприятия коренным населением

Abstract

This research is based on the materials of the fifth wave of the cross-national sociological project "European Values Study". The conceptual framework consists in the theory of a complex threat, describing the key components of the perceived threat that lead to prejudice between social groups. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of the perception of migration by native population as a potential threat to the security of the accepting society. Special attention is paid to the description of current migration situation in Europe. The article reviews the realistic and symbolic threats of migration through the prism of public opinion of the native population. It is stated that the European countries significantly differ depending on perception of migration threats by the native population. The author notes that population of the countries with developed economy mostly do not feel competition with the migrants on the job market. A conclusion is made that in the conditions of Russia's unstable national economy and pressure of sanctions, the migrants seem to Russians as a serious threat on the job market. It is evident that in the European countries the migrants are largely perceived as a source of criminality. The research determines the factors affecting rejection of migrants in modern Russia. The author offers the typology of European countries based on peculiarities of perception of migration threats by the native population.