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ExpertInnen unter sich? Geschlecht, Demokratie und Biotechnikpolitik in Schweden

Experts among themselves? Gender democracy and the politics of biotechnology in Sweden
[journal article]

Kulawik, Teresa

Abstract

'Schweden ist berühmt für seinen umfassenden Wohlfahrtsstaat und seine Gleichstellungspolitik. Es mag deshalb verwundern, dass es nicht nur zu den Vorreitern auf dem Gebiet der Biotechnologie zählt, sondern über besonders 'liberale' staatliche Regelungen verfügt. Verbrauchende Embryonenforschung ist... view more

'Schweden ist berühmt für seinen umfassenden Wohlfahrtsstaat und seine Gleichstellungspolitik. Es mag deshalb verwundern, dass es nicht nur zu den Vorreitern auf dem Gebiet der Biotechnologie zählt, sondern über besonders 'liberale' staatliche Regelungen verfügt. Verbrauchende Embryonenforschung ist erlaubt, ebenso die Präimplantationsdiagnostik. Dieser Artikel rekonstruiert zunächst die schwedische Rechtsentwicklung, untersucht dann im Kontext der Institutionen und Akteure, ob und wie Frauen an den Willensbildung- und Entscheidungsprozessen partizipierten und wendet sich abschließend den öffentlichen und politischen Diskursen zu. Dabei wird deutlich werden, dass Frauen zwar in hohem Maße an den politischen Prozessen beteiligt waren, dass sie jedoch keinen besonderen Standpunkt zur Biotechnologie vertreten. Sie teilen vielmehr den Beinahe-Konsensus, wonach Biotechnologien durch ihre guten Ziele, z.B. dem Leiden der Frauen/ Eltern an 'unfreiwilliger Kinderlosigkeit' abzuhelfen, gerechtfertigt sind. Die Anwendung selektiver Praktiken, wie der Präimplantationsdiagnostik, wird als konsequente Fortsetzung der mit dem Abtreibungsrecht begründeten Selbstbestimmung aufgefasst.' (Autorenreferat)... view less


'Sweden is famous for its welfare state and its gender equality policies. Therefore, it might be surprising that the country not only belongs to the pioneers in the field of biotechnology, but that state regulation in this field is very 'liberal'. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis and the use of emb... view more

'Sweden is famous for its welfare state and its gender equality policies. Therefore, it might be surprising that the country not only belongs to the pioneers in the field of biotechnology, but that state regulation in this field is very 'liberal'. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis and the use of embryos in therapy and research are both legal. In this essay I will first reconstruct the Swedish legal development in this area, and, secondly, investigate the context of actors and institutions in terms of whether and how women participated in the relevant opinion- and decision-making processes. Finally, I will analyse the public and political discourses. It will become clear that although women were well represented in the political and discursive processes, they did not advocate a specific women related standpoint. They share, on the contrary, the (virtual) consensus, that biotechnological interventions can be justified by its noble goals, e.g. by helping women/ parents who suffer from 'involuntary childlessness'. The use of selective practices such as preimplantation genetic diagnosis is considered to be the consequent continuation of women's right to self-determination in reproductive matters, which is founded in the abortion legislation of the 1970s.' (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
policy on technology; research policy; formulation of political objectives; Sweden; biomedicine; democracy; woman; science policy; biotechnology; gender-specific factors; genetic engineering

Classification
Special areas of Departmental Policy
Women's Studies, Feminist Studies, Gender Studies
Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture

Method
descriptive study

Document language
German

Publication Year
2003

Page/Pages
p. 163-175

Journal
Österreichische Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft, 32 (2003) 2

ISSN
2313-5433

Status
Published Version; reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-NonCommercial


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