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Spartengewerkschaften: droht eine Destabilisierung des Flächentarifvertrags?

Occupational unions: a menace to the stability of the sectoral-level collective bargaining system?
[journal article]

Lesch, Hagen

Abstract

"Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert die ökonomischen und institutionellen Hintergründe des Entstehens von Spartengewerkschaften und analysiert die Folgen von Gewerkschaftswettbewerb für das durch Flächentarifverträge dominierte deutsche Tarifsystem. Spartengewerkschaften bilden sich bislang im Gesun... view more

"Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert die ökonomischen und institutionellen Hintergründe des Entstehens von Spartengewerkschaften und analysiert die Folgen von Gewerkschaftswettbewerb für das durch Flächentarifverträge dominierte deutsche Tarifsystem. Spartengewerkschaften bilden sich bislang im Gesundheits- und Verkehrssektor. Dort bestehen spezifische Marktstrukturen, die gut organisierten und interessenhomogenen Berufsgruppen in wirtschaftlichen Schlüsselstellungen eine hohe Durchsetzungsfähigkeit sichern. Die resultierenden Spartentarifverträge sind im Vergleich zu Flächentarifverträgen suboptimal, weil Spartengewerkschaften keiner Marktdisziplinierung unterliegen und externe Effekte weniger berücksichtigen als Branchengewerkschaften. Am Beispiel von Deutscher Lufthansa und Deutscher Bahn lässt sich zeigen, dass verschiedene Formen von Gewerkschaftswettbewerb zu sich aufschaukelnden Lohnforderungen führen. Dies würde auch nicht verhindert, wenn der Grundsatz der Tarifeinheit gesetzlich verankert würde. Notwendig wären flankierende Maßnahmen wie freiwillige Kooperationsabkommen zwischen konkurrierenden Gewerkschaften oder eine gesetzliche Tarifgemeinschaft." (Autorenreferat)... view less


"This article examines the economic and institutional reasons for the rise of specialised craft or occupational unions and their impact on the German collective bargaining system. Until now, this process has predominantly affected the health and transportation sectors. Both of these are characterise... view more

"This article examines the economic and institutional reasons for the rise of specialised craft or occupational unions and their impact on the German collective bargaining system. Until now, this process has predominantly affected the health and transportation sectors. Both of these are characterised by specific market structures that enable certain highly organised and homogeneous occupational groups with a lot of bargaining power to appropriate rents. In addition, these unions are not disciplined by market forces nor do they internalise the external effects that arise from non-equilibrium wage standards. Therefore, the resulting wage agreements for these elitist occupations are less efficient than branch-level collective agreements. The examples of Deutsche Lufthansa and Deutsche Bahn show that competition among various unions may result in a self-enforcing process of rising wage claims. It remains, however, an open question whether a piece of legislation that stipulates that different wage agreements must not exist within the same company (Tarifeinheit) would prevent wages being pushed up by union competition. Therefore, it can be expected that either voluntary co-operation agreements between rival unions or the establishment of legally binding collective agreement units (gesetzliche Tarifgemeinschaften) will be come into being in order to prevent inefficient union competition." (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
German Federal Railways; industrywide collective bargaining agreement; collective agreement; political change; trade union; Federal Republic of Germany; competition; cooperation

Classification
Law
Income Policy, Property Policy, Wage Policy

Method
theory application; empirical; quantitative empirical

Document language
German

Publication Year
2008

Page/Pages
p. 144-153

Journal
Industrielle Beziehungen : Zeitschrift für Arbeit, Organisation und Management, 15 (2008) 4

ISSN
1862-0035

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Deposit Licence - No Redistribution, No Modifications


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.