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%T Failure as an asset for high-status persons - relative group performance and attributed occupational success %A Reinhard, Marc-André %A Stahlberg, Dagmar %A Messner, Matthias %J Journal of Experimental Social Psychology %N 3 %P 501-518 %V 44 %D 2008 %K (Gender)stereotypes; Attribution of success; Attribution of failure; Low- and high-status groups %= 2011-04-04T09:45:00Z %~ http://www.peerproject.eu/ %> https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-243382 %X According to research on social identity theory and on prescriptive norms and stereotypes people are viewed as prototypical of a group to the extent that they possess ingroup characteristics but not outgroup characteristics. Following this assumption, even failure might have positive effects for high-status persons when they underperform in low-status domains. In this case, individual failure may be viewed as indicative of strong prototypicality for the high-status group and therefore lead to the attribution of future occupational success. Five experiments, using different high- and low-status groups, confirmed the hypothesis that people will attribute high occupational success to high-status persons who allegedly scored poorly on an achievement test in which a low-status group in general excelled relative to a high-status group. This effect was shown to be mediated by the attribution of prototypicality for the high-status group. %C USA %G en %9 journal article %W GESIS - http://www.gesis.org %~ SSOAR - http://www.ssoar.info