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Prestaciones sociales y riesgo de pobreza en edad activa: un análisis de la composición de las rentas de los hogares en España

Social benefits and risk of poverty in the working-age population: an analysis of the composition of household income in Spain
[journal article]

Tejero, Aroa
López-Rodríguez, Fermín
Gutiérrez, Rodolfo

Abstract

In the second decade of the 21st century in Spain, the relationship between poverty and labor participation has attracted growing interest due to the higher risk of poverty among the working-age population compared to the non-working population. The primary objective of this article is to analyze th... view more

In the second decade of the 21st century in Spain, the relationship between poverty and labor participation has attracted growing interest due to the higher risk of poverty among the working-age population compared to the non-working population. The primary objective of this article is to analyze the poverty risk of working-age households in the country. The study describes poverty risk as a function of labor intensity and income composition and examines the effect of social benefits and other household characteristics on poverty reduction. To this end, microdata from the 2019 European Union Survey on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) are used. The results show that the combination of labor income and social benefits constitutes one of the main strategies to avoid the risk of poverty: contributory benefits exert a greater effect due to their generosity and relation to previous employment history, underscoring the importance of employment and reflecting low progressivity. Conversely, family allowances and transfers from the minimum income system exhibit reduced effects, suggesting the need to reassess the design and amount of these benefits. In addition, household characteristics appear to be a key explanatory factor for analyzing poverty given that low labor intensity and the presence of children are associated with higher risks.... view less


Durante la segunda década de este siglo, en España las personas en edad activa han pasado a tener un riesgo de pobreza sensiblemente más alto que las personas en edad no activa, lo que acrecienta el interés por la relación entre pobreza y participación laboral. El objetivo principal de este artículo... view more

Durante la segunda década de este siglo, en España las personas en edad activa han pasado a tener un riesgo de pobreza sensiblemente más alto que las personas en edad no activa, lo que acrecienta el interés por la relación entre pobreza y participación laboral. El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar el riesgo de pobreza de la población en edad activa en España. Se describe el riesgo de pobreza en función de la intensidad laboral del hogar, se profundiza en la composición de las rentas de los hogares y se analiza el efecto de las prestaciones sociales y de otras características del hogar para evitar la pobreza. Para ello, se utilizan los microdatos de la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida (ECV). Los resultados muestran que la intensidad laboral es la variable con una mayor influencia tanto en el riesgo como en la composición de la pobreza de los hogares en España: casi la mitad de los hogares pobres no alcanzan el 50% de su capacidad de empleo. Las prestaciones sociales son uno de los principales instrumentos para evitar el riesgo de pobreza, especialmente si se combinan con rentas laborales: las contributivas tienen un efecto mayor por su generosidad y relación con el historial de empleo anterior, lo que refuerza, de nuevo, la importancia del empleo e indica una baja progresividad; y las ayudas familiares muestran efectos reducidos que evidencian la necesidad de revisar su diseño y cuantía.... view less

Keywords
Spain; poverty; social benefits; transfer; income; labor force participation; combating poverty; labor intensity

Classification
Macrosociology, Analysis of Whole Societies

Free Keywords
working age; social transfers; social protection; households; EU-SILC 2019

Document language
Spanish

Publication Year
2024

Page/Pages
p. 1-26

Journal
Papers : revista de sociologia, 109 (2024) 2

DOI
https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/papers.3145

ISSN
0210-2862

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0


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Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.