The Legal Rationale for Prodigality as a Reason for an Adult to Be Placed Under Guardianship

Abstract

This study examines the legal rationale for prodigality as a basis for placing an adult under guardianship under Article 433 of the Indonesian Civil Code. The issue of prodigality raises concerns regarding financial mismanagement, potential harm to the individual, and legal safeguards to prevent economic instability. The research aims to explore the legal foundation of prodigality and identify the criteria for determining whether an adult should be placed under guardianship due to financial irresponsibility. Methods and Methodology. This study employs a normative legal research approach, analyzing legal documents, statutory regulations, and judicial decisions related to prodigality in Indonesia. A doctrinal approach is utilized to examine the interpretation and application of Article 433 of the Civil Code, considering legal principles and case law that establish guidelines for guardianship decisions. Results. The findings indicate that prodigality, as regulated under Article 433 of the Indonesian Civil Code, serves as a legal ground for placing individuals under guardianship. Courts assess financial mismanagement, the potential for significant economic losses, the presence of mental or physical disorders, and expert opinions to determine an individual's financial competence. Judicial considerations focus on preventing further financial harm and ensuring economic stability through a court-appointed guardian. The study also highlights that Indonesian courts adopt a protective legal framework to balance personal autonomy and financial security. Conclusion and Discussion. Article 433 of the Civil Code provides a legal safeguard to protect individuals from financial ruin due to prodigality. The application of guardianship involves a comprehensive assessment of financial behavior, mental health conditions, and expert evaluations. The study emphasizes the importance of judicial discretion in ensuring that guardianship mechanisms serve as a means of financial protection while respecting individual rights. Future research may explore comparative legal perspectives on prodigality and guardianship in different jurisdictions.