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Denunziation im Dritten Reich: die Bedeutung von Systemunterstützung und Gelegenheitsstrukturen

Denunciation during the Third Reich
[journal article]

Reuband, Karl-Heinz

Abstract

Denunziationen sind in den letzten Jahren zunehmend in das Blickfeld der historischen Forschung - insbesondere zur NS-Zeit - geraten und haben einen Paradigmenwechsel begünstigt: einen Wechsel, der die aktive Mitwirkung der Bürger bei der Aufrechterhaltung totalitärer politischer Systeme betont. Im ... view more

Denunziationen sind in den letzten Jahren zunehmend in das Blickfeld der historischen Forschung - insbesondere zur NS-Zeit - geraten und haben einen Paradigmenwechsel begünstigt: einen Wechsel, der die aktive Mitwirkung der Bürger bei der Aufrechterhaltung totalitärer politischer Systeme betont. Im Rahmen dieser Wende ist - oftmals in überakzentuierter Form - ein Deutungsmuster entstanden, demzufolge sich die Deutschen ohne institutionellen Druck eine 'selbstüberwachende Gesellschaft' geschaffen und in großer Zahl der Gestapo zugearbeitet hätten. Der Beitrag stellt die These von der massenhaften Denunziationsbereitschaft der deutschen Bevölkerung auf den Prüfstand. Die Ausführungen zeigen, dass das Bild einer sich 'selbstüberwachenden Gesellschaft' der NS-Zeit nur bedingt gerecht wird. Die Tatsache, dass dieses Bild relativiert werden muss, bedeutet allerdings nicht, dass die Bürger in ihrer Masse im Gegensatz zum NS-System gestanden hätten. (ICA)... view less


'The Third Reich has been termed in recent literature a 'self-policing' society without denunciations the Gestapo would not have been effective. In the article it is argued that this picture is an over-simplification. Differential opportunity structures create different ways of access to the 'devian... view more

'The Third Reich has been termed in recent literature a 'self-policing' society without denunciations the Gestapo would not have been effective. In the article it is argued that this picture is an over-simplification. Differential opportunity structures create different ways of access to the 'deviants'. Where the private sphere is affected, 'deviance' can only be detected by people in private environments. In contrast to common descriptions the proportion of Gestapo cases made up by denunciations does not reflect the extent of regime support in the population. A large percentage of Gestapo cases, because of being trivial, merely led to dismissal or warning. Besides the Gestapo existed a more encompassing system of social control that ranged from the 'Blockwart' to the 'Kreisleitung' to the SD. They dealt with 'deviance' by their own and might have played a more important role than the Gestapo in the social control of daily life.' (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
resistance; attitude; population; loyalty; domination; denunciation; Nazism; cooperation; persecution of Jews; legitimacy

Classification
General History
Criminal Sociology, Sociology of Law
Basic Research, General Concepts and History of Political Science

Method
descriptive study; historical

Document language
German

Publication Year
2001

Page/Pages
p. 219-234

Journal
Historical Social Research, 26 (2001) 2/3

DOI
https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.26.2001.2/3.219-234

ISSN
0172-6404

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0


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