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Von der Experimentalisierung des Todes zum experimentellen Tod: Anmerkungen zum wissenschaftlichen Sterben

From experimentalization of death to experimental death: notes on scientific dying, 1800-1945
[journal article]

Sabisch, Katja

Abstract

'Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Geschichte des wissenschaftlichen Sterbens während des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts, indem er drei wissenschaftshistorische Zäsuren näher beleuchtet: die Experimentalisierung, die Implementierung und die Instrumentalisierung des Todes in Forschungskontexten. Mit der... view more

'Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Geschichte des wissenschaftlichen Sterbens während des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts, indem er drei wissenschaftshistorische Zäsuren näher beleuchtet: die Experimentalisierung, die Implementierung und die Instrumentalisierung des Todes in Forschungskontexten. Mit der antivitalistischen Wende um 1840 verlor das wissenschaftliche Sterben, welches eng mit der 'physique amusante' des Magnetisierens und Elektrifizierens verknüpft war, seine Faszination. Wissenschaftler interessierten sich nicht länger für den physiologischen oder spirituellen Prozess des Sterbens, sondern integrierten ihn als Parenthese in ihre standardisierten Versuchsanordnungen. Dieser Implementierung des Todes folgte seine Instrumentalisierung, die sich in den nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslagern offenbarte. Aus einer soziologischen Perspektive war das experimentelle Sterben in den Krankenrevieren konstitutiv für die absolute Macht der SS.' (Autorenreferat)... view less


'This paper deals with the history of scientific dying in the 19th and 20th century by focusing three main incisions: the experimentalization, the implementation, and the instrumentalization of human death in research contexts. With the anti-vitalistic turn in the 1840th the experimentalization of d... view more

'This paper deals with the history of scientific dying in the 19th and 20th century by focusing three main incisions: the experimentalization, the implementation, and the instrumentalization of human death in research contexts. With the anti-vitalistic turn in the 1840th the experimentalization of death, which was closely linked to the spectacular 'physique amusante' of galvanizing and magnetizing human subjects, was suspended. Scientists were no longer interested in the physiological and spiritual processes of dying and experimental death became parenthetic. This implementation of death in the 19th century was removed by the instrumentalization of scientific dying in the Nazi Concentration Camps. From a sociological perspective, the experimental death in the 'Krankenrevier' was constitutive for the absolute power of the SS.' (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
instrumentalization; power; medicine; dying; Nazism; concentration camp; experiment; death; patient; physician; implementation; science; test subject; woman; life; SS; terrorism; twentieth century; nineteenth century; Third Reich

Classification
Medical Sociology
Social History, Historical Social Research
Population Studies, Sociology of Population

Method
historical

Document language
German

Publication Year
2009

Page/Pages
p. 83-96

Journal
Historical Social Research, 34 (2009) 4

DOI
https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.34.2009.4.83-96

ISSN
0172-6404

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.