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The deep digital divide: the telephone in British India 1883-1933

Die tiefe digitale Kraft: das Telefon in Britisch-Indien, 1883-1933
[journal article]

Mann, Michael

Abstract

'Das Telefon wird nach dem Telegrafen als das zweite Kommunikationsmittel betrachtet, das die Medienrevolution in der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts einleitete. In den USA wurde das Telefonnetz kurz nach seiner Erfindung landesweit ausgebaut. Während jedoch in den USA das Telefon als modernes Kommunikat... view more

'Das Telefon wird nach dem Telegrafen als das zweite Kommunikationsmittel betrachtet, das die Medienrevolution in der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts einleitete. In den USA wurde das Telefonnetz kurz nach seiner Erfindung landesweit ausgebaut. Während jedoch in den USA das Telefon als modernes Kommunikationsmittel gepriesen wurde, das half die Nation zuwege zu bringen, stieß das Telefon in Europa auf wenig öffentliches und privates Interesse. Speziell die britische Herrschaftsklasse betrachtete das Telefon nur als ein Mittel zur hausinternen Kommunikation mit Dienstboten. Diese Attitüde hatte weitreichende Konsequenzen im kolonialen Kontext, denn die britisch-Indische Regierung konstruierte das subkontinentale Telefonnetz nach den Maßgaben administrativer und militärischer Kontrolle, gleich dem eines überdimensionierten Haushaltes. Der Mangel an Telefonen bzw. an Telefonleitungen war in den Nachfolgestaaten Britisch-Indiens, den Republiken Pakistan und Indien, noch bis zum Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts zu verspüren.' (Autorenreferat)... view less


'After the telegraph the telephone is seen as the second means of the media revolution which took place after the middle of the nineteenth century. In the USA the telephone was used widely within a short time after its invention and implementation. Yet, whereas in the USA the telephone was hailed as... view more

'After the telegraph the telephone is seen as the second means of the media revolution which took place after the middle of the nineteenth century. In the USA the telephone was used widely within a short time after its invention and implementation. Yet, whereas in the USA the telephone was hailed as a modern means of communication which helped to forge the nation, in Europe the telephone did not attract many public or private users. Particularly the British ruling class regarded the telephone as a means of domestic communication. This attitude towards the telephone had severe consequences in the colonial context as the British Indian government constructed telephone lines only as a means of administrative and military control representing an extended household. The lack of telephone lines in the successor states of British India, the Republics of Pakistan and India, was still prevalent at the end of the twentieth century.' (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
technological progress; telecommunication; Asia; North America; colonialism; historical development; telephone; United States of America; attitude; impact; South Asia; Great Britain; India; developing country; communication medium; nineteenth century

Classification
Social History, Historical Social Research

Method
empirical; historical

Document language
English

Publication Year
2010

Page/Pages
p. 188-208

Journal
Historical Social Research, 35 (2010) 1

DOI
https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.35.2010.1.188-208

ISSN
0172-6404

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0


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