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Chance and necessity in history: E.H. Carr and Leon Trotsky compared

Zufall und Notwendigkeit in der Geschichte: E.H. Carr und Leon Trotsky im Vergleich
[journal article]

Talbot, Ann

Abstract

'In seinem Buch 'Was ist Geschichte?' bezeichnete der britische Historiker E.H. Car die kontrafaktische Geschichte (oder die 'Was wäre wenn...'-Schule) als 'parlour game' - als Gesellschaftsspiel. Carrs Ablehnung dieser Strömung war eine Antowrt auf Isaiah Berlins Kritik all jener, die an 'vast impe... view more

'In seinem Buch 'Was ist Geschichte?' bezeichnete der britische Historiker E.H. Car die kontrafaktische Geschichte (oder die 'Was wäre wenn...'-Schule) als 'parlour game' - als Gesellschaftsspiel. Carrs Ablehnung dieser Strömung war eine Antowrt auf Isaiah Berlins Kritik all jener, die an 'vast impersonal forces' (großen, abstrakten Kräften) in der Geschichte glaubten und die Rolle von Individuum und Zufall vernachlässigten. In den Augen Berlins trat Carr in die Fußstapfen von Hegel und Marx und sah die Geschichte als einen prä-determinierten Prozess, der von Notwendigkeit und nicht von Zufall geleitet wird. Während sich die Einflüsse sowohl von Hegel wie auch von Marx in Carrs Arbeit wiederfinden, wird dieser Artikel zeigen, dass Carrs Geschichtsbild sich klar von jenem von Marx, Engels, Plekhanov, Labriola und Trotsky (welcher die Rolle von Zufall in der Geschichte immer eingeräumt hat) unterscheidet. Der Text vergleicht Carrs historische Methode mit jener von Trotsky in Geschichte der Russischen Revolution.' (Autorenreferat)... view less


'It was E.H. Carr who dismissed counterfactual history or the 'might-have-been' school of history as a 'parlour game' in What is History? Carr's rejection of counterfactual history was a response to Isaiah Berlin's criticism of those who believed in the 'vast impersonal forces' of history rather tha... view more

'It was E.H. Carr who dismissed counterfactual history or the 'might-have-been' school of history as a 'parlour game' in What is History? Carr's rejection of counterfactual history was a response to Isaiah Berlin's criticism of those who believed in the 'vast impersonal forces' of history rather than giving priority to the role of the individual and the accidental. For Berlin, Carr was following in the footsteps of Hegel and Marx in regarding history as process that was determined and governed by necessity rather than chance. While the influence of both Hegel and Marx can be seen in Carr's work, this article will argue that Carr's approach to history is distinct from that to be found in classical Marxism as exemplified by Marx, Engels, Plekhanov, Labriola and Trotsky who always accepted the role of chance in history. It compares Carr's historical method to that employed by Trotsky in his History of the Russian Revolution.' (author's abstract)... view less

Keywords
post-socialist country; Engels, F.; historical analysis; Russia; image of society; revolution; comparative research; historian; method; historical social research; Marx, K.; science of history; alternative; USSR successor state

Classification
General History
Social History, Historical Social Research

Method
epistemological; historical; basic research

Document language
English

Publication Year
2009

Page/Pages
p. 88-98

Journal
Historical Social Research, 34 (2009) 2

DOI
https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.34.2009.2.88-98

ISSN
0172-6404

Status
Published Version; peer reviewed

Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0


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© 2007 - 2025 Social Science Open Access Repository (SSOAR).
Based on DSpace, Copyright (c) 2002-2022, DuraSpace. All rights reserved.